The Aegilops ventricosa 2N v S segment in bread wheat: cytology, genomics and breeding
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The Aegilops ventricosa 2NvS segment in bread wheat: cytology, genomics and breeding Liangliang Gao1 · Dal‑Hoe Koo1 · Philomin Juliana2 · Trevor Rife1 · Daljit Singh1 · Cristiano Lemes da Silva3 · Thomas Lux4 · Kevin M. Dorn1,12 · Marshall Clinesmith3 · Paula Silva1,11 · Xu Wang1 · Manuel Spannagl4 · Cecile Monat5 · Bernd Friebe1 · Burkhard Steuernagel6 · Gary J. Muehlbauer7 · Sean Walkowiak8,13 · Curtis Pozniak8 · Ravi Singh2 · Nils Stein5,9 · Martin Mascher5,10 · Allan Fritz3 · Jesse Poland1 Received: 22 June 2020 / Accepted: 17 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Key message The first cytological characterization of the 2 NvS segment in hexaploid wheat; complete de novo assembly and annotation of 2NvS segment; 2NvS frequency is increasing 2NvS and is associated with higher yield. Abstract The Aegilops ventricosa 2NvS translocation segment has been utilized in breeding disease-resistant wheat crops since the early 1990s. This segment is known to possess several important resistance genes against multiple wheat diseases including root knot nematode, stripe rust, leaf rust and stem rust. More recently, this segment has been associated with resistance to wheat blast, an emerging and devastating wheat disease in South America and Asia. To date, full characterization of the segment including its size, gene content and its association with grain yield is lacking. Here, we present a complete cytological and physical characterization of this agronomically important translocation in bread wheat. We de novo assembled the 2NvS segment in two wheat varieties, ‘Jagger’ and ‘CDC Stanley,’ and delineated the segment to be approximately 33 Mb. A total of 535 high-confidence genes were annotated within the 2 NvS region, with > 10% belonging to the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) gene families. Identification of groups of NLR genes that are potentially N genome-specific and expressed in specific tissues can fast-track testing of candidate genes playing roles in various disease resistances. We also show the increasing frequency of 2NvS among spring and winter wheat breeding programs over two and a half decades, and the positive impact of 2 NvS on wheat grain yield based on historical datasets. The significance of the 2 NvS segment in wheat breeding due to resistance to multiple diseases and a positive impact on yield highlights the importance of understanding and characterizing the wheat pan-genome for better insights into molecular breeding for wheat improvement. Abbreviations AHRD Automated assignment of human readable descriptions AYN Advanced yield nursery BLAST Basic local alignment search tool BLUP Best linear unbiased prediction BLUE Best linear unbiased estimate CDS Coding sequence
Communicated by Steven S. Xu. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03712-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jesse Poland [email protected] Extended author information available
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