The bHLH transcription factor PPLS1 regulates the color of pulvinus and leaf sheath in foxtail millet ( Setaria italica
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The bHLH transcription factor PPLS1 regulates the color of pulvinus and leaf sheath in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) Hui Bai1 · Zhenjun Song1,2 · Yan Zhang3 · Zhiyong Li1 · Yongfang Wang1 · Xue Liu4 · Jifang Ma1 · Jianzhang Quan1 · Xianghong Wu5 · Min Liu6 · Jun Zhou3,6 · Zhiping Dong1 · Dayong Li4 Received: 12 December 2019 / Accepted: 15 February 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Key message The bHLH transcription factor, PPLS1, interacts with SiMYB85 to control the color of pulvinus and leaf sheath by regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Abstract Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), a self-pollinated crop with numerous small florets, is difficult for cross-pollination. The color of pulvinus and leaf sheath with purple being dominant to green is an indicative character and often used for screening authentic hybrids in foxtail millet crossing. Deciphering molecular mechanism controlling this trait would greatly facilitate genetic improvement of cultivars in foxtail millet. Here, using the F 2 bulk specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing approach, we mapped the putative causal gene for the purple color of pulvinus and leaf sheath (PPLS) trait to a 100 Kb region on chromosome 7. Expression analyses of the 15 genes in this region revealed that Seita.7G195400 (renamed here as PPLS1) was differentially expressed between purple and green cultivars. PPLS1 encodes a bHLH transcription factor and is localized in the nucleus with a transactivation activity. Furthermore, we observed that expression of a MYB transcription factor gene, SiMYB85 (Seita.4G086300) involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, shows a totally positive association with that of PPLS1. Heterologous co-expression of both PPLS1 and SiMYB85 in tobacco leaves led to elevated anthocyanin accumulation and expression of some anthocyanin-related genes. Furthermore, PPLS1 physically interacts with SiMYB85. Taken together, our results suggest that PPLS1 interacts with SiMYB85 to control the color of pulvinus and leaf sheath by regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in foxtail millet. Keywords Anthocyanin · bHLH transcription factor · Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) · Leaf sheath · PPLS1 · Pulvinus
Introduction Communicated by Hai-Chun Jing. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03566-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Zhiping Dong [email protected]
With global warming, scarcity of water resources, foxtail millet (Setaria italica), widely cultivated as food in arid and semi-arid regions has become increasingly important 4
Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing 100097, China
5
Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
6
College of Lif
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