The Effect of Melt Ultrasound Treatment on the Microstructure and Age Hardenability of Al-4 Wt Pct Cu/TiC Composite
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PARTICULATE-REINFORCED aluminum metal matrix composites have attracted researchers due to their easier processability, high specific strength, and low coefficient of thermal expansion, which finds potential in construction, automobile, and aerospace applications. In-situ synthesis of metal matrix composites facilitates the incorporation of ultrafine, < 5-lm-sized ceramic particles as reinforcement into the Al alloy matrix that otherwise would be difficult. Ceramic
SEAN D’BRASS and K.M. SARADESH are with the SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India. K.R. RAVI is with the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur 342037, India. J. NAMPOOTHIRI is with the Structural Nanomaterials Lab, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore 641004, India and also with the Department of Metallurgical Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore 641004, India. T. RAJASEKARAN is with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India. G.S. VINODKUMAR is with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM University-AP, Amaravati 522502, India. Contact email: [email protected] Manuscript submitted March 10, 2019.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
particles, namely, TiB2, TiC, ZrB2, MgAl2O4, Mg2Si, and AlN, are formed through in-situ reactions in molten Al alloys.[1] The composites produced by the in-situ process will have uniform dispersion in finer size, good wettability with clean interface, and thermodynamic stability of particles.[2] TiC particles have attracted many researchers due to their good wettability,[3,4] ease of incorporation[5] into molten aluminum, and, therefore, uniform distribution and stability in comparison to several other carbides, borides, and oxides. In-situ synthesis of Al-TiC composites was carried out by bubbling CH4 gas in Al-Ti melt,[6] reaction of K2TiF6 with graphite in molten Al,[2,7–9] and the melt infiltration route.[10] Through the powder route, mechanical alloying[11–13] or combustion synthesis of elemental powders[4,13,14] is also common. Molten salt reaction with graphite in molten Al is simpler and has fewer processing steps, and it is adopted in this present study. Reinforcing nanosized ceramic particles in the metallic matrix, even with much lower volume fractions, enhances the properties of the composites tremendously.[15,16] Ultrasound-assisted casting is widely used to incorporate nanosized ceramic particles in molten metal via ex-situ or in-situ synthesis to produce metal matrix nanocomposite.[16–26] Ultrasound agitation is also done to the metallic melts prior to solidification
for the purpose of degassing, nondendritic solidification, and distributing the nonmetallic inclusions in the melt.[27,28] In-situ synthesis for converting the micron-sized particles into nanosize through cavitation treatment[16,24] requires shorter duration (maximum: 5 minutes). Nampoothiri et al.[16] attempted to refine the m
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