The effect of non-organophosphate household pesticides exposure during pregnancy on infants birth sizes and growth rate:
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(2020) 20:476
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
The effect of non-organophosphate household pesticides exposure during pregnancy on infants birth sizes and growth rate: a cohort study Frida Soesanti1,2* , Nikmah S. Idris1,2ˆ, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch2,3, Aryono Hendarto1, Diederick E. Grobbee2 and Cuno S. P. M. Uiterwaal2
Abstract Background: To date, there is limited evidence on the effect of antenatal exposure to non-organophosphate household pesticides on infant health. Our hypothesis is that antenatal exposure to non-organophosphate household pesticides will be associated with birth sizes and infant growth rate. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 284 mother-infant pairs were studied. Mothers were recruited at the third trimester in two primary care centers and one private hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Mothers filled out questionnaires about exposure to non-organophosphate household pesticides at the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Birth weight and length were measured at birth. Afterwards, the weight, height, and head circumference (HC) were measured at 7 days, 1, 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Linear mixed modeling and linear regression was performed to calculate growth rate of each infant. Multivariable linear regression adjusted for confounders was used to assess the association between household pesticides exposure and birth sizes and infant growth rate. Results: Based on self-report questionnaires, 133 (46.8%) mothers were exposed to household pesticides during pregnancy. The mean HC at day 7 in the exposed group was − 7.1 mm (95%CI -13.1;-1.2) lower than in the nonexposed group. The difference was more prominent in the non-mosquito pesticide group (linear regression coefficient: − 22.1 mm, 95%CI -36.5;-7.6). No material associations were found between antenatal exposure to household pesticides with other growth measures, including weight gain, length gain, HC increment and weightto-length gain rates. No modification of effects by breastfeeding was found. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that antenatal exposure to household non-organophosphate pesticides is associated with smaller head circumference at birth.
* Correspondence: [email protected] ˆNikmah S. Idris is deceased. 1 Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/ Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia 2 Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons
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