The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction
Confounding all conventional wisdom, the fertility rate in the Islamic Republic of Iran fell from around 7.0 births per woman in the early 1980s to 1.9 births per woman in 2006. That this, the largest and fastest fall in fertility ever recorded, should ha
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Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi Peter McDonald Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi
The Fertility Transition in Iran Revolution and Reproduction
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The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction
Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi Peter McDonald Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi ●
The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction
Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi Department of Demography Faculty of Social Sciences University of Tehran Tehran Iran [email protected]
Peter McDonald Australian Demographic and Social Research Institute (ADSRI) Australian National University Canberra Australia [email protected]
Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi Department of Family Health & Population Ministry of Health and Medical Education Hafez Avenue Tehran Iran [email protected]
ISBN 978-90-481-3197-6 e-ISBN 978-90-481-3198-3 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-3198-3 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009930526 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Confounding all conventional wisdom, the fertility rate in the Islamic Republic of Iran fell from 7 births per woman in 1979 to 1.9 births per woman in 2006. That this, the largest and fastest fall in fertility ever recorded, should have occurred in one of the world’s few Islamic Republics demands explanation. This is the purpose of this book. Conventional wisdom has been that falls in fertility in developing countries are gained slowly and only in open societies, particularly those open to the western notion that rapid population growth is an obstacle to economic development. The ‘western package’ of development, promoted by organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, combines economic reforms including abolition of tariffs, removal of currency controls, private foreign investment, transfer of technology and human capital enhancement with aggressive, governmentsponsored family planning programs. Japan provided the first apparent evidence of the appropriateness of this development model and it was followed by other Asian success stories such as South Korea, Singapore, Thailand, and Indonesia. The Islamic Revolution ensured that this ‘western package’ was not implemented in Iran yet fertility has fallen just as fast if not faster than in those countries where the package was applied. In this book, we address how this occurred. Various questions have been raised regarding the Iranian fertility transition. What are the reasons for the fall of fertility in Iran? What are the processes thr
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