The functions of glutathione peroxidase in ROS homeostasis and fruiting body development in Hypsizygus marmoreus
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APPLIED GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY
The functions of glutathione peroxidase in ROS homeostasis and fruiting body development in Hypsizygus marmoreus Jinjing Zhang 1 & Haibo Hao 1 & Xuelan Wu 1 & Qian Wang 1 & Mingjie Chen 1 & Zhiyong Feng 1,2 & Hui Chen 1 Received: 12 September 2020 / Revised: 15 October 2020 / Accepted: 26 October 2020 / Published online: 4 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes for maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Although studies on fungi have suggested many important physiological functions of GPX, few studies have examined the role of this enzyme in Basidiomycetes, particularly its functions in fruiting body developmental processes. In the present study, GPX-silenced (GPxi) strains were obtained by using RNA interference. The GPxi strains of Hypsizygus marmoreus showed defects in mycelial growth and fruiting body development. In addition, the results indicated essential roles of GPX in controlling ROS homeostasis by regulating intracellular H2O2 levels, maintaining GSH/GSSG balance, and promoting antioxidant enzyme activity. Furthermore, lignocellulose enzyme activity levels were reduced and the mitochondrial phenotype and mitochondrial complex activity levels were changed in the H. marmoreus GPxi strains, possibly in response to impediments to mycelial growth and fruiting body development. These findings indicate that ROS homeostasis has a complex influence on growth, fruiting body development, GSH/GSSG balance, and carbon metabolism in H. marmoreus. Key points • ROS balance, energy metabolism, fruiting development. Keywords Hypsizygus marmoreus . Glutathione peroxidase . ROS homeostasis . GSH/GSSG . Fruiting body development . Mitochondria
Introduction Hypsizygus marmoreus (Peck.) Bigelow (Tricholomataceae) is widely cultivated in Asia, especially in China, Japan, and South Korea, due to its nutritional and medicinal value. Harada et al. (2003) suggested that changes in the Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-02010981-6. * Hui Chen [email protected] 1
National Research Center for Edible Fungi Biotechnology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 309 Room, No. 1000, Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
2
College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1, Weigang road, XuanWu District, Nanjing 210095, China
free amino acid and carbohydrate content contribute to the mildly sweet and nutty flavor and crunchy texture of H. marmoreus. In addition, H. marmoreus contains many beneficial medicinal components and has therapeutic effects, including inhibition of Lewis lung carcinoma cell adhesion to type IV collagen of a novel collage
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