The incidence and influencing factors of elder abuse and neglect
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The incidence and influencing factors of elder abuse and neglect Hakime Aslan 1
&
Behice Erci 2
Received: 14 August 2018 / Accepted: 3 April 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Aim This study was conducted to determine the level of abuse and neglect of individuals over the age of 65 years and the factors influencing it. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional, population-based, descriptive study was conducted on 455 elderly persons in Turkey. At data collection, a socio-demographic form, which was developed by the researcher herself, an abuse evaluation form with six Likert-type questions, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and the Perceived Emotional Abuse Scale for Adults (PEASA) were used. Results Of the participants, 26.8% experienced physical abuse, 26.9% financial abuse, 12.6% sexual abuse and 56.5% neglect and psychological abuse at an intermediate level. The average score of the ADL index was 11.0 ± 3.3. This score shows that these elderly individuals were semi-independent. Conclusion The rate of abuse and neglect was found to be intermediate. There was a positive relationship between abuse of the elderly and their ADL index. Keywords Nursing . Abuse . Neglect . The elderly . Interactive approach
Introduction In Turkey, the elderly population is increasing at a higher rate compared to that of other age groups, as is the case all over the world. In 2013, while the growth rate of the total population was 13.7‰, it was almost triple that among the elderly, at 36.2‰ (Turkish Statistical Institute 2014). While the proportion of elderly people in the total population was 8% in 2014, it increased to 8.5% in 2017 (Turkish Statistical Institute 2018). Due to this demographic change, there has been growing interest in research on the elderly and on aging (Kalaycı et al. 2016). Old age is a process in which physical and cognitive functions experience many problems and losses, such as decline, diminished productivity, loss of role and status,
* Hakime Aslan [email protected] Behice Erci [email protected] 1
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
2
Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
independence and social experiences, reduced or lost support and so on (Polat and Kahraman 2013). Along with the increase of the elderly population all over the world, elderly abuse and neglect as a social problem is also gaining in importance (Artan 2016). Over the last few years, one of the main topics for discussion has been the abuse and neglect of the elderly, including its psychosocial aspects (Koştu 2005). Abuse can be found in every society and culture, and at every economic level. It is not only a domestic or a nationwide problem, but it is also a serious social problem worldwide. Elder abuse is also evident in institutions providing health and social services. In such places, elder abuse results in physical and psychological
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