The Influence of Rolling Resistance on Granular Responses Under Triaxial Loading Paths
Particle shape is one of influence factors of granular materials’ mechanical behaviours. As the realistic consideration of particle shapes may include some computational challenges, the rolling friction is often employed to simulate the rolling resistance
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Abstract Particle shape is one of influence factors of granular materials’ mechanical behaviours. As the realistic consideration of particle shapes may include some computational challenges, the rolling friction is often employed to simulate the rolling resistance induced by the particle shape. This paper investigates the macro- and microscopic properties of granular materials with different rolling resistant characteristics under triaxial loading paths. For discrete element method (DEM) simulations, the rolling friction is considered in the contact model. The drained triaxial compression loading path and the proportional strain loading path are considered. Both the loading paths show that the rolling resistance will reinforce the sample’s strength and lead to a more significant dilatancy. Besides the macroscopic responses, microscopic properties are explored and discussed. The strong anisotropy and great contact forces may be the underlying mechanisms of the high shear strength of the sample with the rolling resistance.
1 Introduction In civil, mining and hydraulic structure engineering, granular materials are common and generally used. The mechanical characteristics of the granular materials have remarkable influences on the safety and sustainability of the construction. Generally, the strength and the deformation characteristics of granular materials have been deeply investigated by the laboratory tests (e.g. [7, 14] and numerical simulations (e.g. [9, 13]).
W. Zhou J. Liu (&) G. Ma X. Ma X. Chang State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China e-mail: [email protected] C. Zhang Changjiang Survey Planning Design and Research Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430010, China © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2017 X. Li et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods, Springer Proceedings in Physics 188, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1926-5_24
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The discrete element method (DEM) is popular to investigate the macroscopic properties and microscopic mechanisms of granular materials. However, many DEM investigations have ignored the particle shape factor and rolling resistance. The factor of the particle shape has striking effects on behaviours of the granular assembly, whereas it may lead to remarkable computational challenges when considering the real particle shape by using DEM. Also, Oda et al. [11] concluded that the particle rolling was a major microscopic deformation mechanism for granular soils. Recently, a number of rolling resistance models for DEM simulations have been proposed in order to consider the rolling effects of the particle shape [2–5, 8]. Incorporating the rotational torque is a common way to take the rolling resistance into account. The effects of the rolling resistance on the macroscopic and microscopic behaviours of granular materials are presented and investigated using DEM in this paper. Both the triaxial compression loading path and the proportional strain loading pa
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