The Male Choice Hypothesis
In the current chapter, I will put forward the male choice hypothesis, which argues that men prefer same-sex attraction and contact in women and in turn, this preference has translated in positive fitness benefits in women who experience such attractions.
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The Evolution of Same-Sex Attraction
The Evolution of Same-Sex Attraction
Menelaos Apostolou
The Evolution of Same-Sex Attraction
Menelaos Apostolou Department of Social Sciences University of Nicosia Nicosia, Cyprus
ISBN 978-3-030-53924-5 ISBN 978-3-030-53925-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53925-2 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Complex organisms need to spend time in developing the biological machinery necessary for occupying the niche they have evolved to fill. For example, although it takes a few minutes for a newly born single-cell organism to be able to reproduce, doing so requires several years for a human being. The reason is that humans spend considerable time in developing sophisticated biological hardware, such as a large brain, which is required for occupying their specific ecological niche. The relatively long period that more complex organisms need to allocate in development makes them vulnerable to the attacks of less complex organisms, such as parasites. In particular, a complex organism can be born with an inherent resistance to parasites. In its lifetime however, parasites, by virtue of being able to reproduce fast, can evolve ways to bypass this resistance. In effect, parasites set a constraint in the evolution of more complex organisms with lower reproductive cycles, a constraint which was bypassed by sexual reproduction (Ridley, 1995). More specifically, instead of producing identical copies of itself, an organism can combine its genetic material with the genetic material of another organism of the same species, in order to produce organisms, which are similar but different to their p
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