The Relation Between Trace Element Status (Zinc, Copper, Magnesium) and Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Infection During P
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The Relation Between Trace Element Status (Zinc, Copper, Magnesium) and Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Infection During Pregnancy Ali Taner Anuk 1 & Naci Polat 2 & Sevginur Akdas 3 & Seyit Ahmet Erol 1 & Atakan Tanacan 1 & Derya Biriken 4 & Huseyin Levent Keskin 5 & Ozlem Moraloglu Tekin 5 & Nuray Yazihan 2,3 & Dilek Sahin 5 Received: 24 September 2020 / Accepted: 15 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract SARS CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus which has caused many deaths in the recent pandemic. This study aimed to determine zinc, copper and magnesium status on pregnant women with COVID-19. 100 healthy (33/32/35) and 100 SARS-CoV-2 positive (34/33/33) pregnant women were included in the study according to their trimesters. Blood samples were obtained from the patients along with the initial laboratory tests for clinical outcomes upon their first admission to hospital. In the first and third trimesters serum zinc level was lower (p:0,004 and p:0,02), serum copper level was higher (p:0,006 and p:0,008), the Zn / Cu ratio decreased(p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001) and the serum magnesium level was higher(p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001) in the COVID-19 group.In the second trimester COVID19 patients had lower serum zinc (p:0,05) and copper levels (p:0,0003) compared to controls. Disease severity correlated with zinc/copper ratio in COVID19 patients (p:0.018, r:-0.243). Serum zinc and Zn/Cu ratio levels had a negative relationship with acute phase markers such as IL-6, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, procalcitonin and Creactive Protein. Also, increased serum magnesium level may play a role in decreased white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte cell count and increased CRP levels in the third trimester. This study indicated that trace element status changed in pregnant women with COVID-19. The effect of trace elements on pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 infection was investigated in comparison with healthy pregnant women for the first time. This effect will be revealed better in more comprehensive studies to be planned in the future. Keywords Copper . COVID-19 . Magnesium . Infection . Pregnancy . Zinc
Introductıon
* Nuray Yazihan [email protected] 1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
2
Department of Pathophysiology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
3
Institute of Health, Interdisciplinary Food, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
4
Department of Microbiology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
5
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
SARS-CoV is a virus which is capable to bind the angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 receptor that presents in several locations such as lung alveolar epithelial cells, enterocytes, endothelial cells and arterial smooth muscle cells in the human body. This novel coronavirus has caused many deaths in the re
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