The Repugnant Conclusion Essays on Population Ethics

Most people (including moral philosophers), when faced with the fact that some of their cherished moral views lead up to the Repugnant Conclusion, feel that they have to revise their moral outlook. However, it is a moot question as to how this should be d

  • PDF / 3,809,074 Bytes
  • 261 Pages / 503.757 x 752.837 pts Page_size
  • 53 Downloads / 185 Views

DOWNLOAD

REPORT


LIBRARY OF ETHICS AND APPLIED PHILOSOPHY VOLUME 15

Managing Editor: Govert A. den Hartogh, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

THE REPUGNANT CONCLUSION Essays on Population Ethics Edited by

JESPER RYBERG University of Roskilde, Denmark and

TORBJÖRN TÄNNSJÖ Stockholm University, Sweden

KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON

A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN 1-4020-2472-X (HB) ISBN 1-4020-2473-8 (e-book)

Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Sold and distributed in North, Central and South America by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A. In all other countries, sold and distributed by Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved © 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands.

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Jesper Ryberg and Torbjörn Tännsjö

1

OVERPOPULATION AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE Derek Parfit

7

TWO PARFIT PUZZLES Tim Mulgan

23

CRITICAL-LEVEL POPULATION PRINCIPLES AND THE REPUGNANT CONCLUSION Charles Blackorby, Walter Bossert and David Donaldson

45

O REPUGNANCE, WHERE IS THY STING? Clark Wolf

61

RESOLVING THE REPUGNANT CONCLUSION Tyler Cowen

81

PERSON-BASED CONSEQUENTIALISM AND THE PROCREATION OBLIGATION Melinda A. Roberts

99

PERSON-AFFECTING MORALITIES Nils Holtug

129

REPUGNANCE OR INTRANSITIVITY: A REPUGNANT BUT FORCED CHOICE Stuart Rachels

163

THE ROOT OF THE REPUGNANT CONCLUSION AND ITS REBUTTAL Ingmar Persson

187

THE PARADOXES OF FUTURE GENERATIONS AND NORMATIVE THEORY Gustaf Arrhenius

201

WHY WE OUGHT TO ACCEPT THE REPUGNANT CONCLUSION Torbjörn Tännsjö

219

THE REPUGNANT CONCLUSION AND WORTHWHILE LIVING Jesper Ryberg

239

POSTSCRIPT Derek Parfit

257

INDEX OF NAMES

259

JESPER RYBERG & TORBJÖRN TÄNNSJÖ

INTRODUCTION

Analytic philosophers are often accused of not taking existential questions seriously. This may be true of some (many?) of them, but it is certainly not true of the contemporary Oxford philosopher Derek Parfit. He has revived an interest in existential questions within analytic philosophy. He has discussed the nature of personal identity, why there is something rather than nothing and, in particular, questions to do with our own existence, and the existence of creatures like us. From the point of view of morality, is it a good thing that I exist? Is it a good thing that other creatures like me exist? Is it better if there are more creatures