The role of noble bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) queen glycosaminoglycan in aged rat and gene expression profile based on
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Toxicol Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43188-020-00065-y
Toxicological Research
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The role of noble bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) queen glycosaminoglycan in aged rat and gene expression profile based on DNA microarray Mi Young Ahn1 · Hyung Joo Yoon1 · Jae Sam Hwang1 · Jang Mi Jin2 · Kun‑Koo Park3 Received: 28 April 2020 / Revised: 8 September 2020 / Accepted: 23 September 2020 © Korean Society of Toxicology 2020
Abstract Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been used to diminish the deleterious effects associated with aging by preventing the destruction of cartilage, bone, discs, and skin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-aging effect of a newly prepared GAG derived from bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) queen (BTQG, 10 mg/kg). Gryllus bimaculatus (Gb, cricket) GAG (GbG, 10 mg/kg) or glucosamine sulfate (GS) was used as a positive control. N-glycans derived from BTQG contained hexose polymers including H ex4HexNAc3Pen1, Hex9, and H ex5HexNAc3dHex2 as the primary components. The GAGs were intraperitoneally administered to 14-month-old aged rats for 1 month. BTQG reduced the serum levels of free fatty acid, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), showing hepato-and renal-protective effects with anti-lipidemic activities comparable to GS. The changes of gene expression profile of liver tissue by cDNA microarray showed the simultaneous upregulation of 36 genes in the BTQG-treated rat group compared to the control group, including secretogranin II (Scg2), Activator (AP)-1-regulated protein-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) DNA damage repair, metallothionein 1a, and alpha-2 macroglobulin. The BTQG-treated group also showed 417 downregulated genes, including vimentin, moesin, and mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase. Insect glycosaminoglycan from the bumblebee (B. terrestris) queen may help decelerate the aging stage by ameliorating the aging effects on circulation, and liver and kidney function. Keywords Bumblebee (B. terrestris) queen glycosaminoglycan · Aged rat Abbreviations aPTT Activated partial thromboplastin time ALP Alkaline phosphatase ALT(GPT) Glutamate pyruvate transaminase AST(GOT) Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase BTQG10 B. terrestris Queen glycosaminoglycan 10 mg/kg BUN Blood urea nitrogen CON Control group CK Creatinine phosphokinase CRP C-reactive protein CS10 Chondroitin sulfate (10 mg/kg) * Mi Young Ahn [email protected] 1
Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration (RDA), 166 Nongsaengmyung‑Ro, Iseo‑Myun, Wanju‑Gun 55365, Korea
2
Korean Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Korea
3
Pharmacogenechips Inc, Chuncheon 24201, Korea
GAG Glycosaminoglycan GbG10 G. bimaculatus (A type of cricket) glycosaminoglycan 10 mg/kg GC–MS Gas chromatography with mass detector HDL High-density lipoprotein LDH Lactate dehydrogenase LDL Low-density lipoprotein PT Prothrombin time T. Chol Total cholesterol TG Triglyc
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