The Timing and Spectral Characteristics of Detectors Based on a Ce:GAGG Inorganic Scintillator Using Photomultiplier Tub
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The Timing and Spectral Characteristics of Detectors Based on a Ce:GAGG Inorganic Scintillator Using Photomultiplier Tubes and Silicon Photodetectors V. V. Bogomolova,b,*, G. A. Dosovitskiyd, A. F. Iyudina, M. V. Korzhikc,d, S. A. Tikhomirove, S. I. Svertilova,b, D. Yu. Kozlovc, and I. V. Yashina a Skobel’tsyn
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia c Research Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Minsk, 220030 Belarus d National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, 123182 Russia e Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072 Belarus *e-mail: [email protected] b
Received February 17, 2020; revised April 7, 2020; accepted April 8, 2020
Abstract—The time and energy resolutions of scintillation detectors based on gadolinium gallium garnet (Ce:GAGG) crystals produced via cooperation between the Kurchatov Institute, the Research Institute for Nuclear Problems of the Belarusian State University, and the Fomos Materials Co. (Moscow, Russia, http://newpiezo.com/company/) were measured in comparison with crystals produced by the C&A Corporation (Japan). The measurements were performed for γ rays with energies ranging from ~20 keV to ~2 MeV. R3998-100-02 photomultiplier tubes and ArrayB-3035-144P silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays were used as photodetectors. The time and energy resolutions of the crystals from Fomos Materials were competitive with the crystals produced by leading world companies and, in particular, by the C&A Corporation, Japan. It was shown by the measurements of the intrinsic radiation background of the gadolinium gallium garnet crystals that the scintillators from Fomos Materials, in combination with SiPM arrays, had very good prospects for use in compact spectrometric detectors of γ rays and charged particles and, in particular, detectors designed for future space experiments. DOI: 10.1134/S0020441220050097
INTRODUCTION Scintillation detectors are widely used to measure low-energy ionizing radiation in devices for medical diagnostics, geodiagnostics, environmental monitoring, monitoring of technological processes, and control of the movement of various substances, including radioactive materials. Some scintillators, e.g., those intended for operation in outer space, must have increased radiation hardness [1]. The linearity of the light yield in a scintillator, in combination with its high resolution, is fundamental for operation in the spectrometric mode. Scintillating crystals with a garnet structure (e.g., Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce) exhibit high linearity of the light yield in the low-energy range. Scintillating materials based on simple garnet were created in 1980s [1]. Mixed garnets became widespread only recently, after the fundamental possibility of improving their properties was demonstrated [2–4]. An increase in the integrated light yield with a decrease in the temperature is a distinctive feat
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