The traffic signal control problem for intersections: a review
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European Transport Research Review
(2020) 12:50
REVIEW
Open Access
The traffic signal control problem for intersections: a review Myungeun Eom and Byung-In Kim*
Abstract Background: The intersection traffic signal control problem (ITSCP) has become even more important as traffic congestion has been more intractable. The ITSCP seeks an efficient schedule for traffic signal settings at intersections with the goal of maximizing traffic flow while considering various factors such as real-time strategies, signal timing constraints, rapid developments in traffic systems, and practical implementation. Since the factors constituting the ITSCP exhibit stochastically complicated interactions, it is essential to identify these factors to propose solution methods that can address this complexity and still be practically implemented. Objective: The objective of this review is to provide a survey of problems, methods, and practices in the evaluation of the ITSCP. In this paper, a unified terminology for the ITSCP and a citation network of the current body of relevant research are accordingly presented, and various assumptions, constraints, and solution approaches are summarized. A review across the entire body of knowledge throughout the history of the ITSCP is therefore provided. This review also highlights open issues and challenges that remain to be addressed by future research. Keywords: Traffic control signal problem, Traffic signal, Traffic flow, Signal timing, Optimization
1 Introduction In this paper, we review research on the intersection traffic signal control problem (ITSCP), which has been consistently studied for over 60 years since Webster [1] first published guidelines for traffic signal settings. A decade later, Robertson [2] developed a software tool named TRANSYT that determined optimal fixed-time traffic signal settings and calculated the performance index of the signal network. Following their research, theoretical analyses have been conducted to derive equations for the traffic capacity and average delay per vehicle at a signalized intersection [3, 4], and various microscopic traffic simulators have been developed to optimize traffic signal settings (e.g., VISSIM) [5]. Based on these theoretical foundations, various algorithms have since been proposed considering the rapid development of traffic infrastructure such as vehicular actuated * Correspondence: [email protected] Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
systems and induction loop detectors [6]; this review focuses on these algorithms. Research on the ITSCP has grown much more important with increasing traffic congestion. Traffic congestion has always been a crucial aspect of urban planning but has become a serious issue that must be addressed due to the rapid increase in the number of vehicles and transportation demand [7]. Traffic signal control is an important tool in traffic flow management as it is considered as one of the most e
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