Time-frequency analysis and fuzzy-based detection of heat-stressed sleep EEG spectra
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Time-frequency analysis and fuzzy-based detection of heat-stressed sleep EEG spectra Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay 1
&
Chetna Nagpal 2
Received: 22 October 2019 / Accepted: 20 October 2020 # International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering 2020
Abstract Nowadays, sleep disorders are contemplated as the major issue in the human lives. The current work aims at extraction of timefrequency information from recorded dataset and provides an efficient sleep stage detection method. Recordings of brain signal namely electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), and electromyogram (EMG) were carried out under defined clinical condition for the classification of sleep EEG. Subsequent upon the extraction of various features from the raw EEG data, neuro-fuzzy system is trained to classify the sleep stages into three major classes namely awake, slow wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement sleep (REM). This classification would enable medical professionals to diagnose sleep related disorders accurately. The results obtained clearly indicate that the mean performance for SWS stage is profound as compared to REM and awake stage. Specificity and sensitivity of the proposed method are obtained as 95.4% and 80%, respectively. The average accuracy of the system employing neuro-fuzzy approach is found to be 90.6% in which SWS stage was best detected among the other stages of sleep EEG. Keywords Sleep stages . Neuro-fuzzy system . EEG . Awake . SWS . REM
1 Introduction Previous reports suggest that sleep is directly linked with the thalamocortical integrative system, the central nervous system, and the sense organs. Sleep has been studied as an essential component, which helps in understanding and solving several neurological disorders including combating stress, and thereby affecting mood, by recalling the previous memories [1]. The amplitude and frequency of brain electrical activity or electroencephalogram (EEG) varies in different sleepwake stages. The synchronization of brain electrical activity is very much distinct during slow wave sleep (SWS) due to the control of the thalamocortical integrative system. It is assumed Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay and Chetna Nagpal equally contributed to this study. * Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay [email protected] 1
Department of EEE, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
2
Department of EEE, Birla Institute of Technology, Offshore Campus, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
that the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is an analog of the “gaze-wakefulness” consolidated in the course of mammals and demonstrated that the acceleration of discharges of certain neurons correlated with REM; the frequency and duration of the responses of a neuron directly corresponded to the parameters of the REM sleep. Study on the effect of heat stress on human nervous system has become important to understand the cause of many psychiatric problems which arise due to the hot environment as one of the natural stress markers. It has been observed that animals respond by activating several proce
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