Towards On-site Determination of Secretory IgA in Artificial Saliva with Gold-Linked Electrochemical Immunoassay (GLEIA)
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Towards On-site Determination of Secretory IgA in Artificial Saliva with Gold-Linked Electrochemical Immunoassay (GLEIA) Using Portable Potentiostat and Disposable Printed Electrode Shuto Osaki 1,2 & Shin-ichi Wakida 1,2,3 & Masato Saito 1,2 & Eiichi Tamiya 1,2 Received: 17 December 2019 / Accepted: 23 April 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Mental stress is closely connected with our physical and mental wellness. Therefore, stress measurement can contribute to assess our lifestyle and increase our quality of life. In this paper, we detect the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), which is the candidate of salivary stress markers, with original electrochemical immunoassay: gold-linked electrochemical immunoassay (GLEIA). This biosensor is based on a sandwich-type immunosensor and adopts the electrochemical method to detect the reduction peak from Au nanoparticles linked to the secondary antibody. GLEIA is convenient and costeffective that only requires a low sample volume (10 μL). In addition, the GLEIA show high sensitivity and selectivity. We obtained the linear response to relate the concentration of sIgA (10–300 ng/mL) in D-PBS buffer with the artificial saliva which includes salivary inorganic salt and typically glycoprotein (mucin). Furthermore, we obtained acceptable selectivity in the various solution with salivary proteins such as α-amylase, human serum albumin, immunoglobulin G (IgG), lysozyme, and mucin. In the future, we try to detect the sIgA in real saliva for on-site stress measurement using GLEIA and to integrate the various immunosensors for stress markers in saliva. Keywords SPCE . sIgA . Electrochemical biosensor . Gold nanoparticles . Immunoglobulin A . Stress marker . Immunosensor
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-02003332-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
* Eiichi Tamiya [email protected]–u.ac.jp
1
AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST, Suita, Japan
2
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
3
Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Introduction Mental stress is associated with various diseases and physical disorders. In particular, depression may be linked with stress [1, 2]. Therefore, the stress measurement is important information that can contribute to the prevention of mental illness such as depression. Conventionally, mental stress is evaluated by subjective diagnosis with psychological tests such as the profile of mood test (POMS) and Cornell Medical Index (CMI). However, these tests lack accuracy because it is subjective. The objective measurement systems are needed. As a more direct and objective method, the biochemical method to evaluate from stress markers in body fluids, which are serum, urine, and saliva, is focused by various researchers. The serum which cont
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