Trade Liberalisation, Economic Growth and Environmental Externalities
The book examines the trade liberalization measures, which were initiated in India during 1991 and which focused on manufacturing industries. This industry was considered because of its strong inter-sectoral links and its capacity to stimulate the gr
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Hansa Jain
Trade Liberalisation, Economic Growth and Environmental Externalities An Analysis of Indian Manufacturing Industries
Hansa Jain Sardar Patel Institute of Economic and Social Research Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
ISBN 978-981-10-2886-1 DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2887-8
ISBN 978-981-10-2887-8 (eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016956867 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 This book was advertised with a copyright holder in the name of the publisher in error, whereas the author holds the copyright. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: © Harvey Loake Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #22-06/08 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
PREFACE
Trade liberalization measures initiated in India during 1991 were focused on manufacturing industries. It was considered that the manufacturing industries, due to its strong inter-sectoral linkages, have the capacity to stimulate the growth of other sectors. As a result, the liberal trade policies that involved reduction in trade barriers, inflows of FDI, capital and technologies were adopted to increase the manufacturing output; however, these measures were more inclined towards those industries whose products have greater demand in developed countries. The improved access to capital and technology from abroad has restructured the Indian manufacturing industries. As a result, India’s revealed comparative advantage was altered. India, which was earlier the exporter of primary goods, has now become the exporter of finished goods. This indicates that India has now become the production base for the developed countries, which implies that it has to bear all the positive and negative effects of production activities. Positive effect arises when the imported technologies, exposure to knowl
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