Use of Atomoxetine in Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Co-Morbid Conditions
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CNS Drugs 2009; 23 (9): 739-753 1172-7047/09/0009-0739/$49.95/0
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Use of Atomoxetine in Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Co-Morbid Conditions Grazia Dell’Agnello,1 Alessandro Zuddas,2 Gabriele Masi,3 Paolo Curatolo,4 Dante Besana5 and Andrea Rossi1 1 2 3 4 5
Medical Department, Eli Lilly, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy Pediatric Neuroscience Unit, Torvergata University, Rome, Italy Operating Structure of Infantile Neuropsychiatry, Infantile Hospital, Hospital Agency of Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
Contents Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Co-Morbid Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Efficacy in Co-Morbid Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Oppositional Defiant Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Anxiety Disorders and Depression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Tics and Tourette’s Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Pervasive Developmental Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 Bipolar Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Tolerability and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abstract
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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurobehavioural disorders in children. It has been shown that as many as 85% of patients with ADHD have at least one psychiatric comorbidity, and approximately 60% have at least two. Atomoxetine is a specific, noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor that provides an effective treatment option for patients with ADHD and co-morbid conditions. The efficacy of atomoxetine in treating ADHD appears to be unaffected by the presence of co-morbid conditions. Therapy with atomoxetine has been associated with statistically significant improvements in symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in most, but not all, studies. Limited data suggest this agent may
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