Variable fixation promotes callus formation: an experimental study on transverse tibial osteotomies stabilized with lock
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(2020) 21:806
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Variable fixation promotes callus formation: an experimental study on transverse tibial osteotomies stabilized with locking plates Michael Plecko1† , Karina Klein2†, Katrin Planzer2, Dirk Wähnert3 , Pascal Behm4, Stephen J. Ferguson4,7 , Stefano Brianza5* , Vincent A. Stadelmann6 and Brigitte von Rechenberg2,7
Abstract Background: A new locking screw technology, named variable fixation, has been developed aiming at promoting bone callus formation providing initial rigid fixation followed by progressive fracture gap dynamisation. In this study, we compared bone callus formation in osteotomies stabilized with standard locking fixation against that of osteotomies stabilized with variable fixation in an established tibia ovine model. Methods: A 3 mm tibial transverse osteotomy gap was stabilized in three groups of six female sheep each with a locking plate and either 1) standard fixation in both segments (group LS) or 2) variable fixation in the proximal and standard fixation in the distal bone segment (group VFLS3) or 3) variable fixation in both segments (group VFLS6). The implantation site and fracture healing were compared between groups by means of radiologic, micro tomographic, biomechanical, and histological investigations. Results: Compared to LS callus, VFLS3 callus was 40% larger and about 3% denser, while VFLS6 callus was 93% larger and its density about 7.2% lower. VFLS3 showed 65% and VFLS6 163% larger amount of callus at the ciscortex. There wasn’t a significant difference in the amount of callus at the cis and trans-cortex in groups featuring variable fixation only. Investigated biomechanical variables were not significantly different among groups and histology showed comparable good healing in all groups. Tissues adjacent to the implants did not show any alteration of the normal structure in all groups. (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected] Investigation performed at the Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. † Michael Plecko and Karina Klein shared first authorship and contributed equally to the writing of this manuscript. 5 Biomech Innovations AG, Aarbergstrasse 5, CH-2560 Nidau, Switzerland Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds th
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