Warfare Ecology A New Synthesis for Peace and Security

The purpose of this book is specific and ambitious: to outline the distinctive elements, scope, and usefulness of a new and emerging field of applied ecology named warfare ecology. Based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held on the island of Vieques,

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NATO Science for Peace and Security Series This Series presents the results of scientific meetings supported under the NATO ­Programme: Science for Peace and Security (SPS). The NATO SPS Programme supports meetings in the following Key Priority areas: (1) ­Defence Against Terrorism; (2) Countering other Threats to Security and (3) NATO, Partner and ­Mediterranean Dialogue Country Priorities. The types of meetings supported are generally ­“Advanced Study Institutes” and “Advanced Research Workshops”. The NATO SPS Series ­collects together the results of these meetings. The meetings are co-organized by scientists from NATO countries and scientists from NATO’s “Partner” or “Mediterranean Dialogue” ­countries. The observations and recommendations made at the meetings, as well as the contents of the volumes in the Series, reflect those of participants and contributors only; they should not ­necessarily be regarded as reflecting NATO views or policy. Advanced Study Institutes (ASI) are high-level tutorial courses to convey the latest developments in a subject to an advanced-level audience. Advanced Research Workshops (ARW) are expert meetings where an intense but ­informal exchange of views at the frontiers of a subject aims at identifying directions for future action. Following a transformation of the programme in 2006, the Series has been re-named and ­re-organised. Recent volumes on topics not related to security, which result from meetings ­supported under the programme earlier, may be found in the NATO Science Series. The Series is published by IOS Press, Amsterdam, and Springer, Dordrecht, in conjunction with the NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division. Sub-Series A. B. C. D. E.

Chemistry and Biology Physics and Biophysics Environmental Security Information and Communication Security Human and Societal Dynamics

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Series C: Environmental Security

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Warfare Ecology A New Synthesis for Peace and Security edited by

Gary E. Machlis

College of Natural Resources University of Idaho Moscow, ID, USA

Thor Hanson

Independent Conservation Biologist Friday Harbor, WA, USA

Zdravko Špirić

Oikon Limited of Applied Ecology Zagreb, Croatia and

Jean E. McKendry

Association of American Geographers Washington, DC, USA

Published in Cooperation with NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Warfare Ecology: Synthesis, Priorities and Policy Implications for Peace and Security Vieques, Puerto Rico 10–12 December 2009

Library of Congress Control Number: 2011929337

ISBN 978-94-007-1286-7 (PB) ISBN 978-94-007-1213-3 (HB) ISBN 978-94-007-1214-0 (e-book) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1214-0

Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands www.springer.com

Printed on acid-free paper

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