Wellness City Health and Well-being in Urban Economic Development

‘Wellness is a major economic trend of our time. Anttiroiko highlights key dimensions of wellness-oriented policy and reveals empirical cases that illustrate how local governments can profit from wellness strategies. This book should be read by students,

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Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko

Wellness City

Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko

Wellness City Health and Well-being in Urban Economic Development

Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko Faculty of Management University of Tampere Tampere, Finland

ISBN 978-3-319-75561-8    ISBN 978-3-319-75562-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75562-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018935832 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: Abstract Bricks and Shadows © Stephen Bonk/Fotolia.co.uk Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Pivot imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG part of Springer Nature. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To my beloved son, Pauli.

Contents

1 Introduction   1 References   5 2 The Conceptual Field of Wellness   7 Conceptualizing Wellness   8 Basic Human Needs, Well-being, and Quality of Life  11 Health, Health Care, and Welfare  15 The Differentia Specifica of Wellness  16 References  18 3 Wellness and the City  21 Wellness Flows and Urban Dissipative Structures  22 Governing Urban Wellness Development  24 Wellness City as an Urban Phenomenon  26 Wellness City in Economic Development Policy  29 References  30 4 Wellness in Local Economic Development  33 Factors Behind the Surge in a Wellness Economy  34 Wellness Economy  37 Wellness on the Local Economic Development Agenda  40 Wellness Asset Analysis  42

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Contents

Wellness in Local Cluster Policy  45 References  47 5 Dimensions of the Wellness City  51 Health Care as a Wellness Business  52 Spa, Beauty, and Fitness  60 Shopping, Entertainment, and Human Desires  64 Environmental Wellness  71 Medicine, Science, and Technology  74 Intellectual Wellness  77 Social and Cultural Well