Wogonoside Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice
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Wogonoside Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice Liang Zhang,1 Yi Ren,1 Chengliang Yang,1 Yue Guo,2 Xiaojing Zhang,3 Gang Hou,4 Xinjin Guo,5 Nan Sun,1 and Yongyu Liu1,6
Abstract—Wogonoside has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the effect of wogonoside on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Male BALB/c mice with ALI, induced by intranasal instillation of LPS, were treated with wogonoside 1 h prior to LPS exposure. Mice treated with LPS alone showed significantly increased TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). When pretreated with wogonoside, the TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, wogonoside significantly inhibited LPS-induced increases in the macrophage and neutrophil infiltration of lung tissues and markedly attenuated myeloperoxidase activity. Furthermore, wogonoside inhibited the TLR4 expression and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, and IκB induced by LPS. In conclusion, our results indicate that wogonoside exhibits a protective effect on LPS-induced ALI via suppression of TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathways. KEY WORDS: wogonoside; lipopolysaccharide (LPS); acute lung injury (ALI); nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB); TLR4.
INTRODUCTION Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), were characterized by severe hypoxemia, pulmonary edema, and neutrophil accumulation in the lungs [1]. It can be induced by many extreme conditions
1
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China 2 Shenyang Maternity Hospital, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China 3 Department of Bone and Soft tissue Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China 4 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China 5 School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, People’s Republic of China 6 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China. E-mail: [email protected]
including severe sepsis, severe bacterial pneumonia, trauma, and burn [2–4]. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been referred to be an important risk factor of acute lung injury [5]. LPS activates TLR4 signal pathway and triggers an inflammatory response, resulting in acute lung injury [6]. In the last decade, ALI is a major clinical problem that has a high mortality rate of 30 % to 40 % [7]. There are few effective therapies in clinic. Therefore, the development of novel therapies for acute respiratory distress syndrome is urgently needed. Wogonoside, one flavonoid derived from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been
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