Quality assessment of escaping silver eel ( Anguilla anguilla L.) to support management and conservation strategies in M
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Quality assessment of escaping silver eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) to support management and conservation strategies in Mediterranean coastal lagoons Fabrizio Capoccioni & Chiara Leone & Claude Belpaire & Govindan Malarvannan & Giulia Poma & Giovanna De Matteis & Lorenzo Tancioni Michela Contò & Sebastiana Failla & Adrian Covaci & Eleonora Ciccotti
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Received: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Silver eel samples, collected from the lagoons of Fogliano and Caprolace (Italy), were investigated for a broad range of contaminants (29 polychlorinated biphenyls, 9 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, 5 dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, 5 chlordanes, hexachlorobenzene, 3 hexachlorocyclohexane, and 5 metals). Concentrations of targeted compounds stand for a general low contamination pattern. Infestation by Anguillicola crassus and virus infections were also examined. No parasite infestation was found, while infected silver eels had a low prevalence for EVEX, and, for the first time in the Mediterranean area, for AngHV-1. Overall, a good quality status of escaping silver eels, for both lagoons, was highlighted by the use of integrative Indexes. A quality assessment of the ecological status of the two lagoons
was carried out developing an expert judgment approach, in order to characterize the habitat of eel stocks. A Final Pressure Index was derived, whose values showed an overall limited global anthropogenic impact acting on both lagoons. Results stand for the suitability of an integrated approach to assess lagoon habitats and eel local stocks quality. This could be proposed as a tool to identify sites yielding high quality eel spawners in the Mediterranean region, in order to set up suitable management frameworks, providing elements to appraise and discuss the potential of coastal lagoons in the Mediterranean region towards the recovery of the eel global stock. Keywords POPs . Metals . Contamination . Viruses . Lagoon ecological status
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-08533-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. F. Capoccioni (*) : G. De Matteis : M. Contò : S. Failla Centro di ricerca “Zootecnia e Acquacoltura” - Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria (CREA), Monterotondo, RM, Italy e-mail: [email protected] C. Leone : L. Tancioni : E. Ciccotti Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy C. Belpaire Institute for Nature and Forest Research (INBO), Linkebeek, Belgium G. Malarvannan : G. Poma : A. Covaci Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
Introduction The European eel (Anguilla anguilla, L. 1758) is a temperate facultatively catadromous species, constituted by a single randomly mating population (Als et al. 2011; Pujolar et al. 2014), whose complex life cycle has been widely investigated over time (Schmidt 1922; Tücker 1959; Tesch 2003; van Ginneken and M
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