Quantification of 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA in blood and urine from an authentic fatality associated with its consumption by UHPLC
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Quantification of 5F‑CUMYL‑P7AICA in blood and urine from an authentic fatality associated with its consumption by UHPLC–MS/MS Marcin Zawadzki1,2 · Agnieszka Chłopaś‑Konowałek2 · Karolina Nowak2 · Olga Wachełko2 · Paweł Szpot1,2 Received: 31 July 2020 / Accepted: 26 September 2020 © Japanese Association of Forensic Toxicology 2020
Abstract Purpose Establishment of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry method was essential for quantification of 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA in authentic biological specimens. This method was fully validated and applied to a fatal intoxication case, which occurred in late 2019, in Poland. Methods Blood, urine, and gastric content samples were extracted with ethyl acetate from alkaline medium (pH 9). The analysis was carried out using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. JWH 018-d11 was used as internal standard. Validation criteria were evaluated for blank blood and urine at concentrations of 0.1, 1 and 10 ng/mL. Results The validation parameters were as follows: lower limit of quantification: 0.1 ng/mL for blood and urine; coefficients of determination: blood > 0.9991 and urine > 0.9988; intra- and interday accuracies and precisions for both matrices: not greater than 15%; recoveries for both matrices: 88–107%; matrix effects: 89–119%. In the present case of death associated with 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA consumption, the determined concentrations were 2.8 ng/mL in blood and 3.1 ng/mL in urine. In gastric contents, 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA could not be detected. Conclusions The developed method enabled for determination of 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA in human blood and urine with high sensitivity and selectivity. To our knowledge, this is the first report to quantify 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA in blood and urine of an authentic case with full validation. Keywords 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA · New psychoactive substance · Synthetic cannabinoid · Fatal case · UHPLC-QqQ-MS/ MS
Introduction Synthetic cannabinoids belong to the group of new psychoactive substances (NPS), which appeared on the international recreational drug market in the early 2000s [1]. Although they were originally synthesized for pharmacological research on the endocannabinoid system, in these days, they are dominant illegal addictive substances, accounting * Agnieszka Chłopaś‑Konowałek [email protected] 1
Department of Forensic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 4 J. Mikulicza‑Radeckiego Street, 50345 Wroclaw, Poland
Institute of Toxicology Research, 45 Kasztanowa Street, 55093 Borowa, Poland
2
for 45% of all seizures [2]. Herbal incenses initially known as ‘Spice’ or ‘K2’ were promoted as alternative to cannabis, while its production usually occurred by mixing synthetic cannabinoid powders with dried plant matrix or by spraying it with drug solution [3]. However, the similarity of synthetic cannabinoids to natural substances contained in cannabis is limited to the general mechanism of action consisting in the activation of cannabinoid receptor subty
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