Randomized Study of the Effects of Vitamin D and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Function, Body Comp
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Randomized Study of the Effects of Vitamin D and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Function, Body Composition, and Inflammation in Vitamin D-Deficient Middle-Aged Women Fatemeh Kheyruri 1 & Javad Sarrafzadeh 2 & Agha Fatemeh Hosseini 3 & Behnaz Abiri 4 & Mohammadreza Vafa 1 Received: 31 July 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D and magnesium co-supplementation on muscle strength and function, body composition, and inflammation in vitamin D-deficient middle-aged women. In this study, 83 healthy middle-aged women (40–55 years) with vitamin D deficiency were randomly assigned into two groups: (1) intervention: receiving a 50,000-IU vitamin D soft gel (weekly) plus a 250-mg magnesium tablet (daily); (2) control: receiving a vitamin D placebo (weekly) plus a magnesium placebo (daily), for 8 weeks. Before and after the intervention, anthropometric indices, muscle strength, muscle function, and some inflammatory markers were measured. After 8 weeks of supplementation, significant difference was observed in handgrip strength and time for Time Get Up and Go (TGUG) test between the intervention and placebo groups (P < 0.05). Regarding percentage of fat mass (FM%) and fat free mass (FFM%), and knee extension strength, there was no significant difference between the two groups at the end of intervention (P > .05). Serum 25(OH)-D levels increased significantly (P < 0.001) and its change was significantly different between the two groups, at the end of the intervention (P < 0.001). Serum level of hs-CRP decreased significantly in the intervention group compared to baseline (P < 0.001), and the change in hs-CRP was significant between the two groups at the end of the intervention (P < 0.01). Furthermore, serum level of TNF-α declined significantly in the intervention group compared to baseline (P < 0.001) but, no significant differences were seen between the two groups in regard of serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 after the intervention (P > 0.05). Our findings show that vitamin D and magnesium co-supplementation, for 8 weeks, in healthy middle-aged women with vitamin D deficiency have beneficial impacts on muscle strength, muscle function, and probably inflammation. Keywords Vitamin D . Magnesium . Muscle strength . Muscle function . Body composition . Inflammatory markers . Middle-aged women
Introduction Aging is associated with sarcopenia, the age-related decline of muscle mass, muscle strength, and function [1].
* Mohammadreza Vafa [email protected] Fatemeh Kheyruri [email protected]
This decline is related to dependence, poor quality of life, hospitalization, and premature death [1]. The cause of sarcopenia is multifactorial and includes poor nutritional intake [1].
1
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences
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