Effects of vitamin C on oxidative stress, inflammation, muscle soreness, and strength following acute exercise: meta-ana
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REVIEW
Effects of vitamin C on oxidative stress, inflammation, muscle soreness, and strength following acute exercise: meta‑analyses of randomized clinical trials Natiele Camponogara Righi1 · Felipe Barreto Schuch1,2 · Angélica Trevisan De Nardi3 · Caroline Montagner Pippi1 · Geovana de Almeida Righi1 · Gustavo Orione Puntel1 · Antonio Marcos Vargas da Silva1 · Luis Ulisses Signori1 Received: 6 December 2019 / Accepted: 26 February 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) seems to attenuate the overproduction of reactive species during and after exercises. Yet, no meta-analysis has summarized the magnitude of this effect. The objective of this study was to systematically review the effects of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, damage, soreness, and the musculoskeletal functionality after a single bout of exercise. Methods Major electronic databases were searched, from inception to September 2019, for placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative stress parameters, inflammation markers, muscle damage, muscle soreness, and muscle functionality after a single bout of exercise in healthy volunteers. Random-effects modelling was used to compare mean changes from pre- to postexercise in participants that were supplemented with vitamin C versus placebo. Data were reported as standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results A total of 18 RCTs, accounting for 313 participants (62% males, median age = 24 years) were included. Vitamin C supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation immediately (SMD = − 0.488; 95% CI = − 0.888 to − 0.088), 1 h (SMD = − 0.521; 95% CI = − 0.911 to − 0.131) and between 1 and 2 h (SMD = − 0.449; 95% CI = − 0.772 to − 0.126) following exercise. Exercise induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) response was attenuated 2 h (SMD = − 0.764; 95% CI = − 1.279 to − 0.248) and between 1 and 2 h (SMD = − 0.447; 95% CI = − 0.828 to − 0.065) after exercise. No effects of vitamin C supplementation were found on creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol levels, muscle soreness, and muscle strength. Conclusion Vitamin C supplementation attenuates the oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) and inflammatory response (IL6) to a single bout of exercise. Registration PROSPERO (CRD42018094222). Keywords Ascorbic acid · Athlete · Exercise · Healthy volunteers · Inflammation · Oxidative stress
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02215-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Luis Ulisses Signori [email protected] 1
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Program in Functional Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Av. Roraima nº 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105‑900, Brazil
2
Department of Sports Methods and
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