Rational design of smart adsorbent equipped with a sensitive indicator via ligand exchange: A hierarchical porous mixed-
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Rational design of smart adsorbent equipped with a sensitive indicator via ligand exchange: A hierarchical porous mixed-ligand MOF for simultaneous removal and detection of Hg2+ Liang Zhang1, Jing Wang1, Huiting Wang1, Wentao Zhang1, Wenxin Zhu1, Ting Du1, Yongsheng Ni1, Xianghong Xie1, Jing Sun2, and Jianlong Wang1 () 1 2
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Received: 13 September 2020 / Revised: 16 October 2020 / Accepted: 26 October 2020
ABSTRACT The increasing accumulation of toxic mercury species in water environment has posed a serious health threat worldwide, making it inevitable to develop the versatile materials to achieve efficient prevention and remediation of mercury pollution. Guided by the solvent-assisted ligand exchange (SALE) approach, this work rationally constructed a mixed-ligand NH2-UiO-66-SH (NSU66) with hierarchical-pore structure by incorporating the thiol-rich ligands (H2DMBD) into the water-stable NH2-UiO-66 (NU66) precursor to act as a smart adsorbent equipped with sensitive detector for simultaneous sensing and removal of Hg2+. Unlike the traditional adsorbents, the as-prepared NSU66 not only exhibits a remarkable removal ability with fast capture rate (within 60.0 min), large uptake capacity (265.29 mg/g), and qualified selectivity, but also possesses satisfactory sensing capability, accompanied by low detection limit (3.50 × 10−2 µM), wide linear range (1.00–99.7 µM), high specificity, and strong anti-interference capability. The detection function plays a vital role in indicating the removal behavior and the pre-enrichment effect of adsorption process correspondingly improves the sensitivity of indicator. Notably, the sensing and trapping capabilities of NSU66 are significantly improved compared to the NU66, which stems from the delicate design of the mixed-ligand and hierarchical-pore structure. Furthermore, proven excellent stability and recyclability emphasize the feasibility of NSU66 in practical applications. These results suggest that the smart NSU66 adsorbent can serve as a favorable platform for early warning and guided removal of toxic Hg2+ in water.
KEYWORDS Zr-MOF, ligand exchange, mixed-ligand and hierarchical-pore structure, integration of detection and removal, Hg2+
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Introduction
Despite the numerous technological and regulatory efforts to combat mercury pollution in the past few decades, toxic mercury species are still being continuously drained into the aquatic environment due to natural sources such as volcano eruption and various anthropogenic activities including battery production, fossil fuel combustion, chemical manufacturing, mineral mining, and waste incineration [1–3]. With its non-biodegradability, hypertoxicity and bioaccumulation, long-term exposure
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