Enhancing U(VI) adsorptive removal via amidoximed polyacrylonitrile nanofibers with hierarchical porous structure
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Enhancing U(VI) adsorptive removal via amidoximed polyacrylonitrile nanofibers with hierarchical porous structure Zhijie Zhang 1 & Nini Chu 2 & Yinglin Shen 2 & Congling Li 1 & Rui Liu 1 Received: 10 March 2020 / Revised: 16 September 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, hierarchical porous polyacrylonitrile nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), followed by tannic acid (TA) etching and amidoximation (denoted as p-PAN-AO). The as-prepared p-PAN-AO was utilized to remove radioactive U(VI) from sewage water and simulated seawater. The influence of uranium adsorption on p-PAN-AO was investigated as a function of uranium concentration, pH, and time. Adsorption kinetic experiments indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was fitted better than the pseudo-first-order model. Benefiting from amidoximation and hierarchical porous structure, the nanoadsorbent exhibited a high U(VI) adsorption capacity of 412.28 mg/g at 298 K. The thermodynamic analysis manifested a spontaneous and endothermic nature of U(VI) adsorption. The results demonstrated a potential application of the reported materials in nuclear wastewater and environmental cleanup. Keywords Electrospinning . Amidoximation . Hierarchical porous . U(VI) adsorption
Introduction Uranium (U), one of vitally natural radionuclides, possesses great potential applications in nuclear weapon and nuclear fuel [1]. Uranium mainly exists in soil, rocks, groundwater, and seawater. The total amount of uranium in ocean is estimated about 4.5 billion tonnes,
Zhijie Zhang and Nini Chu contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-020-04764-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Rui Liu [email protected] Yinglin Shen [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
2
Radiochemistry Laboratory, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
which is thousands of times than that in land. However, uranium concentration in seawater is relatively low, at a concentration of approximately 3.3 μg/L [2]. So, it has become a significant issue of uranium separation and extraction from seawater before terrestrial resources will eventually deplete. Uranium has been extracted from seawater since the beginning of the last century [3]. But it is still a challenge since the current technologies require energy-extensive consumption, high cost, and advanced instruments. Therefore, it is exigent to explore effective uranium removal technologies. In the past decades, a series of approaches have been employed to extract uranium, such as chemical coprecipitation [4], filtration [5], and organic-inorganic ion exchange
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