Recent advances in CRISPR research
- PDF / 221,558 Bytes
- 6 Pages / 595.276 x 785.197 pts Page_size
- 72 Downloads / 233 Views
Protein & Cell
CURRENT ADVANCES Recent advances in CRISPR research Baohui Chen1, Yuyu Niu2, Haoyi Wang3, Kejian Wang4, Hui Yang5, Wei Li3& Department of Cell Biology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China 2 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 4 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China 5 Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China & Correspondence: [email protected] (W. Li) The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology has revolutionized life sciences and developed rapidly. Here, we highlight the recent advances in development and application of CRISPR technologies, including the discovery of novel CRISPR systems, CRISPR base editing and imaging, and the applications of CRISPR in plant breeding, animal breeding, disease modeling and biotherapy.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND DISCOVERY OF NEW CRISPR SYSTEMS As a cutting-edge biotechnology, the discovery of new CRISPR genome editing tools are always at the heart of the CRISPR research field (Zhang, 2019). A substantial of exciting works have been reported in the past one year. As a new developed type-II Cas9 ortholog, Nm2Cas9 system with compact effector protein size and simple PAM requirement has been harnessed as a promising alternative for genome engineering and gene therapy (Edraki et al., 2018). In parallel, an abundance of Cas12a orthologs showed editing capacity in human cells (Teng et al., 2019). BhCas12b was also engineered as a powerful gene editing tool (Strecker et al., 2019a). Apart from the existed CRISPR subtypes, many new subtypes of type-V CRISPR system possessing unique characteristics were identified from the metagenome, including Cas12g, Cas12h and Cas12i, some of which were verified as a programable endonuclease to cleave singlestranded DNA (ssDNA), ssRNA or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in vitro (Yan et al., 2019). CasX, now assigned to Cas12e family (Koonin et al., 2017), was repurposed as an
© The Author(s) 2020
effective genome editing tool in human cells (Liu et al., 2019b). Cas14, which was classified into Cas12f (Makarova et al., 2019), showed genome editing potential in human cells albeit with very low efficiency (Karvelis et al., 2019). Notably, unlike the classic nucleases from Cas12 family, Cas12k was found as a RNA-guided site specific integration system in E.
Data Loading...
