Reconfigurable FPGA Architectures: A Survey and Applications
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REVIEW PAPER
Reconfigurable FPGA Architectures: A Survey and Applications Praveenkumar Babu1 • Eswaran Parthasarathy1
Received: 23 August 2019 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 Ó The Institution of Engineers (India) 2020
Abstract Reconfigurable computing is a potential paradigm which has been effectively performing mostly in the developments of devices likely Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). This paper illustrates the reconfigurable architecture of FPGA and its types. Most widely used highspeed computation fabrics utilized in reconfigurable computing are FPGAs. This paper demonstrates the architectures used in reconfigurable computing and shows the various advantages of using reconfigurable computing design over conventional Application-Specific Integrated Circuits for achieving high level of performance for a desired application. The survey deals with the architecture of FPGAs and their types in detail. This paper also explains the highlights and challenges of fine-grained and coarsegrained architectures. FPGAs have supported partial reconfiguration over the few years. This survey also includes the partial reconfiguration techniques and the various applications of reconfigurability. Keywords Reconfigurable computing FPGA ASIC Fine-grained architecture Coarse-grained architecture Partial reconfiguration
& Eswaran Parthasarathy [email protected] 1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
Introduction Reconfigurable computing is an architecture deal with the flexibility of high performance of hardware and software components by processing with computing platforms like Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). They are reprogrammed to specific application based on their functionality needs after manufacturing. This characteristic of FPGAs differentiates from ASICs, which are designed for a particular application or task [1]. FPGAs find their usage in widely different fields, where their reprogrammable ability renders various benefits over ASICs implementations [2, 3]. This capability of FPGAs permits hardware designs to upgrade or reuse after implementation. When compared to ASICs or full-custom design, FPGAs offer many advantages, which include the low cost in the silicon chip area, an increase in its performance and low power consumption [4]. On the other hand, vendors of these FPGAs include Xilinx, Altera, and Atmel are analyzed, and they are compared by various parameters. The architectures of reconfigurable systems can be divided into two categories depending on their granularity which are fine-grained and coarse-grained architectures. These architectures are configured by parallelism such as bit-level and word-level, respectively. The coarse-grained reconfigurable systems provide effective area utilization, low power consumption and efficient performance compare to fine-grained systems. The other important aspect is partial reconfiguration (PR) whic
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