Recycling of lithium slag as a green admixture for white reactive powder concrete
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Recycling of lithium slag as a green admixture for white reactive powder concrete Jinzhen Li1 · Shaowen Huang1 Received: 14 January 2020 / Accepted: 31 May 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Lithium slag (LS) from lithium mica is the fastest growing solid waste in the Jiangxi Province of China in recent years, and a suitable utilization method has not been found. In this paper, the effects of LS on the physical and mechanical properties of white reactive powder concrete (WRPC) were investigated. The microstructure of the WRPC with LS was studied by SEM and TG-DSC. When the LS content was 8%, the flexural strength of the WRPC at 28 days increased by 6.4%. When the content of LS was 11%, it reduced the wear of the WRPC by 54%, dry shrinkage by 21.7%, and electric flux by 15.6%. A content of lithium slag within 11% did not significantly affect the Hunter whiteness. Lithium slag has a certain degree of pozzolanic activity, which can play a chemical-filling role in WRPC and effectively improve the microstructure. Lithium slag reduced the early hydration of WRPC, but improved the late hydration process. This work shows that lithium slag can be used as a high-quality green admixture in WRPC and can solve the problem of lithium slag occupying land resources and polluting the environment. This approach, therefore, promotes a clean production process for the lithium industry. Keywords WRPC · Lithium slag · Mechanical properties · Durability · Recycling
Introduction The comprehensive utilization of industrial waste residue enables clean industrial production processes and helps to solve environmental pollution and resource shortages [1, 2]. In recent decades, a large number of scientific achievements have been made in the preparation of environmentally friendly materials from industrial waste residues, which have provided significant economic and environmental benefits [3–5]. The lithium mica ore in Yichun, Jiangxi Province is the largest proven lithium mica ore in China to date [6]. With the increasing demand for lithium in new energy materials, it is estimated that the production capacity of lithium extracted from minerals in Jiangxi Province alone will exceed 100,000 tons by 2020 [7, 8]. In Jiangxi Province, lithium extracted from minerals was extracted by chloride salt autoclaving. The production process is shown in Fig. 1. However, the production of 1 ton of lithium carbonate will produce 30–40 tons of solid waste (lithium slag) [9]. By then, the output of * Shaowen Huang [email protected] 1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
lithium slag (LS) produced will exceed 3 million tons annually in Jiangxi [10]. A large amount of lithium slag stacking not only wastes a substantial amount of land resources, but also seriously affects the environment [11, 12]. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of lithium slag disposal in Jiangxi Province of China to realize the sustainable development of the lithium and n
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