Red Blood Cell Lysis and Brain Tissue-Type Transglutaminase Upregulation in a Hippocampal Model of Intracerebral Hemorrh
Red blood cell (RBC) lysis and iron release contribute to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury. Tissue-type transglutaminase (tTG), which has a role in neurodegeneration, is upregulated after ICH. The current study investigated the effect o
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Abstract Red blood cell (RBC) lysis and iron release contribute to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury. Tissue-type transglutaminase (tTG), which has a role in neurodegeneration, is upregulated after ICH. The current study investigated the effect of RBC lysis and iron release on brain tTG levels and neuronal death in a rat model of ICH. This study had three parts: (1) Male Sprague-Dawley rats received an intrahippocampal injection of 10 mL of either packed RBCs or lysed RBCs; (2) rats had a 10 mL injection of either saline, hemoglobin or FeCl2; (3) rats received a 10 mL injection of hemoglobin and were treated with an iron chelator, deferoxamine or vehicle. All rats were killed 24 h later, and the brains were sectioned for tTG and Fluoro-Jade C staining. Lysed but not packed RBCs caused marked tTG upregulation (p
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