Reducing Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury
This book describes the techniques, strategies, and drugs that have been demonstrated by at least one paper published in a peer-reviewed journal to significantly influence survival in patients with or at risk for acute kidney injury. Each chapter focuses
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Reducing Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury
Giovanni Landoni • Antonio Pisano Alberto Zangrillo • Rinaldo Bellomo Editors
Reducing Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury
Editors Giovanni Landoni Dept of Anesthesia & Intensive care IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milano Italy
Alberto Zangrillo Dept of Anesthesia & Intensive care IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milano Italy
Antonio Pisano Cardiac Anesthesia & ICU AORN Dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital Naples Italy
Rinaldo Bellomo Austin Hospital Heidelberg Victoria Australia
ISBN 978-3-319-33427-1 ISBN 978-3-319-33429-5 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-33429-5
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016946426 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
Preface
Acute kidney injury (AKI) carries a heavy burden of morbidity and mortality in any clinical setting. In particular, AKI represents a big deal for surgeons, anesthesiologists, and intensivists worldwide, since it may occur in more than a third of patients undergoing major surgery and in up to two thirds of intensive care unit (ICU) patients, especially those with sepsis. Furthermore, AKI is relatively common in many other clinical situations including liver disease, hematologic malignancies, and exposure to contrast media. Accordingly, other specialists such as gastroenterologists, hematologists, radiologists, and interventional cardiologists have to take care of AKI in their daily clinical practice. AKI reduces patients’ quality of life, increases hospital length of stay and care costs, it may progress towards chronic kidney disease and, above all, it increases both short- and long-term mortality. In patients undergoing major surgery, for example, AKI is associated with an almost fourfold increase in 90-day mortality, while mortality rate is more
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