Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contractions in the Model of Metabolic Syndrome
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lar Smooth Muscle Contractions in the Model of Metabolic Syndrome Yu. G. Birulina, V. V. Ivanov, E. E. Buyko, E. P. Efremkina, L. V. Smagliy, I. V. Kovalev, A. V. Nosarev, and S. V. Gusakova
Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 170, No. 8, pp. 160-164, August, 2020 Original article submitted February 1, 2020 Reduced glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia, and imbalance in lipid levels were found in rats with metabolic syndrome induced by a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. The contractile responses of intact and endothelium-denuded aortic smooth muscle segments from rats with metabolic syndrome to application of acetylcholine, phenylephrine, sodium nitroprusside, and forskolin were studied by mechanographic method. It was found that endothelial dysfunction develops against the background of metabolic and hemodynamic disorders in metabolic syndrome. It was shown that the regulation of vasoconstrictor reactions of vascular smooth muscles in metabolic syndrome is due to a decrease in Ca2+ entry, mainly voltage-independent, as well as changes in the function of cGMP- and cAMP-activated K+-channels. Key Words: metabolic syndrome; smooth muscles; endothelial dysfunction; ion transporters Vascular tone is regulated by contractile activity of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and plays an important role in the regulation of blood flow in tissues and organs. Dysregulation of contractile responses of SMC is observed in various pathological conditions, including metabolic syndrome (MetS) that represents a complex of interrelated metabolic, hormonal and hemodynamic disorders [3,5]. Vascular dysfunction in MetS is an important component in the development of arterial hypertension [1,2,6]. The contractile reactions of SMC are determined by activity of their ion-transporting systems, receptors, signaling molecules, and contractile proteins necessary to maintain arterial tone [9]. There is evidence that an important role in coupling of SMC excitation and contraction in MetS is played by changes in the conductivity of calcium and potassium ion channels, the main effector mechanisms of regulation of electrogenesis and contraction in SMC. At the same time, simulation of MetS in animals allows us to study the phenomenology of Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russia. Address for correspondence: birulina20@ yandex.ru. Yu. G. Birulina
cooperative interactions of effector cells responsible for regulation of the vascular tone [4,11]. The aim of this research was to examine the contractile activity of aortic smooth muscle in rats with MetS.
MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty Wistar male rats (age 6 weeks; body weight 200-250 g) were used for modeling MetS. The experiments were performed in strict accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Оther Scientific Purposes (Strasburg, 1986) and approved by the Ethics Committee of Siberian State Medical University (assessment No. 7793, 2019). The animals wer
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