Relative susceptibility and influence of different wheat cultivars on biological parameters of Sitophilus oryzae L. (Col
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Relative susceptibility and influence of different wheat cultivars on biological parameters of Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Vasu Mehta 1 & Surjeet Kumar 1 Received: 24 March 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract Wheat, one of the most important food grain crops, is heavily infested by a number of insect-pests during storage. Out of all these, the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae is one of the most widespread and destructive insect-pest of stored wheat throughout the world. In the seven cultivars investigated, weevil completed its life cycle on all of them. However, weevil had the lowest oviposition (17.33%), adult emergence (23.33 adults), monthly increase in population (87.0 adults), susceptibility index (7.19) and the longest developmental period (43.67 days) on HPW-360, while had the highest oviposition (64.0%), adult emergence (87.33 adults), monthly increase in population (243.44), susceptibility index (13.55) and the shortest developmental period (33.00 days) on HPW-236. On the basis of above parameters, varieties were categorized into three categories i.e. HPW-249, HPW-349 and HPW-360 were found to be less susceptible, HPW-155, HS-490 and VL-892 were categorized as moderately susceptible and HPW-236 was highly susceptible. This information could be useful to the farmers for making a decision on storage of a particular cultivar for a long time by avoiding the cultivars which are worst affected by the weevil. Keywords Sitophilus oryzae . Wheat cultivars . Susceptibility index . Biological parameters
Introduction Stored grain insect-pests can cause post-harvest losses, estimated up to 20% or more in developing countries (Phillips and Thorne 2010). The total post-harvest losses in India account to 12–16 million metric tons of food grain each year (Singh 2010). Wheat is one of the most important staple food of India and is heavily infested by a number of insect-pests during storage viz. rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L.; granary weevil, S. granarius L.; lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica L.; khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts; Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver) and red rust flour beetle, Tribolium castenium Herbst. (Atwal and Dhaliwal 1997). Out of all these stored grain/product pests, the rice weevil, S. oryzae is the most widespread and destructive insect-pest of stored cereals including wheat throughout
* Vasu Mehta [email protected] 1
Department of Entomology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur 176062, Himachal Pradesh, India
the world causing substantial losses up to 18.30% (Adams and Schulten 1978). It attacks rice, wheat, maize, barley, sorghum, buckwheat, pulses, dried beans, cashew nuts and cereal products. Larvae and adults of S. oryzae are internal feeders affecting the quality and quantity of grains. The target of wheat production in India is projected around 140 million tons by 2050 considering its growing demand for consumption and trade (Anon
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