Relative toxicity and insecticide resistance of different field population of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Relative toxicity and insecticide resistance of different field population of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) N. R. Prasannakumar 1 & N. Jyothi 1 & S. Saroja 1 & G. Ram Kumar 2 Received: 13 August 2020 / Accepted: 14 October 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract South American tomato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an oligophagous insect pest that infests solanaceous crops like tomato, brinjal and potato. The incidence of T. absoluta could cause significant yield losses of up to 100% on tomato crop and therefore farmers are following chemical management practices to tackle the pest. However, continuous and indiscriminate usage of certain insecticides may lead to development of resistance in T. absoluta. The aim of the study therefore was to know the level of resistance to different commonly used insecticides viz., indoxacarb14.5SC, flubendiamide 39.35SC, emamectin benzoate 5SG, spinosad 45SC, spinetoram 11.1SC and cyantraniliprole 10.25SC from different field population of T. absoluta viz., Bangalore and Kolar districts of Karnataka, Madurai and Salem districts of Tamil Nadu and Ananthpur district in Andhra Pradesh, India. A variable level of susceptibility of different field population of T. absoluta was noticed against frequently used insecticides viz. flubendiamide 39.35SC, cyantraniliprole 10.25SC and indoxacarb14.5SC. Biochemical assays indicated a significant increase in cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and esterase level in all relatively resistant population of T. absoluta. The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and esterase enzymes therefore play a major role in the development of resistance in field population of T. absoluta. The reduced susceptibility of T. absoluta to various field collected population thus indicates a development of resistance to various insecticides necessitating the judicious use of chemicals for its management. Keywords Insecticide resistance . South American tomato moth . Tomato pin worm . Bioassay . Cytochrome P450 . Esterase
Introduction Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), is one of the major vegetable crops of India which occupies around 11% of the total world production. The major production constraints of tomato are biotic stresses like insects and diseases (Pandey et al. 2017). Among insects, recently Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), was first reported during 2014 in tomato fields of Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Hessarghatta, Bengaluru, Karnataka (Sridhar et al. 2014). Later, the T. absoluta has been reported in almost all
* N. R. Prasannakumar [email protected] 1
Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta, Bengaluru 560 089, India
2
Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta, Bengaluru 560 089, India
major tomato growing states like Karnataka, Maharastra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The T. absoluta larvae could destroy tomato plants during
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