Supercooling capacity and cold tolerance of the South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta , a newly invaded pest in C
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Supercooling capacity and cold tolerance of the South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta, a newly invaded pest in China Xiao‑wei Li1 · Dong Li1,2 · Zhi‑jun Zhang1 · Jun Huang1 · Jin‑ming Zhang1 · Muhammad Hafeez1 · Li‑kun Wang1 · Wen‑chao Guo3 · Yao‑bin Lu1 Received: 4 November 2019 / Revised: 22 October 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Tuta absoluta is a devastating invasive pest worldwide, causing severe damage to the global tomato industry. It has been recorded recently in the northwestern border areas of China, posing a significant threat to tomato production. It was presumed that the region’s winter-related low temperatures would avert the alien species from successfully overwintering. In this study, the supercooling capacity and low-temperature tolerance of this pest were examined under laboratory conditions and its overwintering potential in Xinjiang was estimated. The results showed that the lowest supercooling point was recorded in the adult stage (− 19.47 °C), while the highest (− 18.11 °C) was recorded in the pupal stage. The supercooling points of pupae and adults were not influenced by gender. The Ltemp50 and Ltemp90 of female and male adults were the lowest when exposed to cold for 2 h. However, when the duration of exposure extended from 4 to 10 h, the Ltemp50 and Ltemp90 of female and male pupae were the lowest. Comparison of the lowest Ltemp50 and Ltemp90 with temperatures in January indicated that T. absoluta might not be able to overwinter in most of the northern and central regions of Xinjiang. However, in the southern regions, the extremely low temperature was higher than the Ltemp90, suggesting that T. absoluta has a higher overwintering potential in these regions. These results form a basis for predicting the dispersal potential and possible geographic range of this pest in Xinjiang. In addition, our findings provide guidance for the control of this pest by reducing overwintering shelters. Keywords South American tomato pinworm · Supercooling points · 50% lethal temperature · 90% lethal temperature · Overwintering potential
Key message
• The cold temperatures in northern and central Xinjiang
Communicated by Nicolas Desneux.
have the potential to kill overwintering populations, while in southern parts, T. absoluta has the potential to successfully overwinter. • The results form a basis for predicting the dispersal potential and possible geographic range of this pest in Xinjiang, and provide guidance for the control of this pest by reducing overwintering shelters.
* Yao‑bin Lu [email protected]
Introduction
• Tuta absoluta adults could tolerate short-term extremely
low temperature stress, while pupae could tolerate longterm low-temperature stress.
1
State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‑Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
2
Department of Plant Prote
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