Reliability and Safety Analyses under Fuzziness

This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date account on recent applications of fuzzy sets and possibility theory in reliability and safety analysis. Various aspects of system's reliability, quality control, reliability and safety of man-machine systems

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Studies in Fuzziness Editor-in-chief Prof. Janusz Kacprzyk Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Siences ul. Newelska 6 01-447 Warsaw, POLAND E-mail: [email protected] Vol. I. J. Kacprzyk and M. Fedrizzi (Ed •. )

Fuzzy Regression Analysis. 1992 ISBN 3-7908-059\-2 (ISBN 83-85262-07-5) Vol. 2 A. M. Delgado et al. (Ed•. )

Fuzzy Optimization, 1994 ISBN 3-7908-0749-4 Vol. 3. A. Geyer-Schulz

Fuzzy Rule-Based Expert Systems and Genetic Machine Learning, 1995 ISBN 3-7908-0830-X

Takehisa Onisawa . Janusz Kacprzyk Editors

Reliability and Safety Analyses under Fuzziness With 106 Figures

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH

Professor Takehisa Onisawa Institute of Engineering Mechanics University ofTsukuba 1-1-1, Tennodai Tsukuba 305, Japan Professor Janusz Kacprzyk Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Newelska 6 01-447 Warsaw, Poland

ISBN 978-3-662-12913-5 CIP-Titelaufnahme der Deutschen 8ibliothek Reliability and safety analyses under fuzziness I Takehisa Onisawa; Janusz Kacprzyk, ed. (Studies in fuzziness; VoI. 4) ISBN 978-3-662-12913-5 ISBN 978-3-7908-1898-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-7908-1898-7

NE: Onisawa, Takehisa lHrsg.); GT This work is subject to copyright. AII rights are reserved, whether the whole or part ofthe material is concemed, specifically tbe rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustration, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication oftbis publication or parts tbereofis ooly permitted under the provisions ofthe German Copyright Law ofSeptember 9,1965, in its version of June 24,1985, and a copyright fee must always be paid. Violations fali under the prosecution act ofthe German Copyright Law.

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995

Originally published by Physica-Verlag Heidelberg in 1995

The use ofregistered names, trademarks, etc. in tbis publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

8812202-543210 - Printed on acid-free paper

FOREWORD In recent years fuzzy sets theory has been playing a remarkable role in many diverse areas of science and technology, notably in control and knowledge-based systems. Reliability and safety analyses of systems is also one of the most important fields in which fuzzy sets theory may find applications. The collection of contributions to this volume represents numerous important developments in reliability and safety analyses under fuzziness. It is very exciting to learn what has been successfully achieved in this area by applying fuzzy theory. Fuzzy theory has certainly brought about a new scope in the world of probabilities. Obviously probability theory has been and still is considered to be a dominant tool to deal with reliability and safety issues. Hence fuzzy theory researchers are faced with a lot of criticism from the probabilists in this area. However, as a matter of fact, fuzzy theory, for example possibilit