REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a condition of dream enactment, often predates Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is the result of early neurodegenerative processes in the brainstem. Normally, REM sleep is characterized by vivid mentation combined with skele
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Aleksandar Videnovic Birgit Högl Editors
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Disorders of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Parkinson’s Disease
Aleksandar Videnovic • Birgit Högl Editors
Disorders of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Parkinson’s Disease
Editors Aleksandar Videnovic, MD, MSc Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, MA USA
Birgit Högl, MD Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
ISBN 978-3-7091-1630-2 ISBN 978-3-7091-1631-9 DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1631-9
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015938763 Springer Wien Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer-Verlag Wien 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer-Verlag GmbH Wien is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
We dedicate this book To our families, for their love and support, To our patients, for their grace and inspiration, To our colleagues and mentors, for their friendship and vision. Birgit and Aleks
Foreword
Parkinson’s disease holds a firm and prominent place in the Movement Disorder section of all textbooks of Neurology. These discussions, however, usually focus on the motor components of the disease with incomplete discussions of the plethora of nonmotor disturbances. Nonmotor features of Parkinson’s disease, however, have a crucial impact on quality of life, and several of them may antedate the onset of classical motor signs. As such, nonmotor aspects of Parkinson’s disease are emerging as the earliest manifestations of the illness and ones that continue to provoke challenges throughout the course of the disease. Disorders of sleep and wakefulness are a prominent example for these nonmotor elements of Parkinson’s disease and rank among the most prevalent and most problematic in overall burden across all stages of the disease. Their multifaceted causes include Parkinson’s disease itself but also medications and comorbidities such as depression and agitation. Prope
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