Remote Sensing of Atmosphere and Ocean from Space: Models, Instruments and Techniques

This book is a collection of the lectures, held at the International Summer School ISSAOS-2000 in L'Aquila (Italy), given by invited lecturers coming from both Europe and the USA. The goal of the book is to provide a broad panorama of spaceborne remote se

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ADVANCES IN GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH VOLUME 13

Editor-in-Chief Martin Beniston, Institute of Geography, University of Fribourg, Perolles, Switzerland

Editorial Advisory Board B. Allen-Diaz, Department ESPM-Ecosystem Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A. R.S. Bradley, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, U.S.A. W. Cramer, Department of Global Change and Natural Systems, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany. H.F. Diaz, Climate Diagnostics Center, Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, NOAA, Boulder, CO, U.S.A. S. Erkman, Institute for Communication and Analysis of Science and Technology – ICAST, Geneva, Switzerland. M. Lal, Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India. U. Luterbacher, The Graduate Institute of International Studies, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. I. Noble, CRC for Greenhouse Accounting and Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. L. Tessier, Institut Mediterranéen d’Ecologie et Paléoécologie, Marseille, France. F. Toth, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria. M.M. Verstraete, Space Applications Institute, EC Joint Research Centre, Ispra (VA), Italy.

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

REMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERE AND OCEAN FROM SPACE: MODELS, INSTRUMENTS AND TECHNIQUES

Edited by

Frank S. Marzano and

Guido Visconti Center of Excellence CETEMPS, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW

eBook ISBN: Print ISBN:

0-306-48150-2 1-4020-0943-7

©2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow Print ©2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht All rights reserved

No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher

Created in the United States of America

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Contents

Contributors

VII

Acknowledgements

IX

CHAPTER 1: MODELS AND INVERSION METHODS FOR REMOTE SENSING

1

Atmospheric Backscatter and Lidars

3

G.P. Gobbi and F. Barnaba Precipitation Modeling for Inversion Purposes

19

P. Bauer Profile Retrieval Estimation Techniques

35

E. R.. Westwater Bayesian Techniques in Remote Sensing

49

N. Pierdicca CHAPTER 2:

ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE SENSING BY MICROWAVE AND 65 VISIBLE-INFRARED SENSORS Atmospheric Temperature Analysis using Microwave Radiometry

67

S. English Microwave Limb Sounding S. Buehler

79

VI

Contents

Retrieval of Integrated Water Vapour and Cloud Liquid Water Contents 89 L. Eymard Precipitation Retrieval from Spaceborne Microwave Radiometers and 107 Combined Sensors F.S. Marzano, A. Mugnai and J.F. Turk Clouds and Rainfall by Visible-Infrared Radiometry

127

V. Levizzani Tropospheric Aerosols by Passive Radiometry

1