Removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous samples using electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber-based suppo
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Removal of 2,4‑dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous samples using electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber‑based supported liquid membrane transport Malihe Mir1 · Mir Mahdi Zahedi1 · Seied Mahdi Pourmortazavi2 Received: 25 July 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 © Iranian Chemical Society 2020
Abstract In this work, a simple supported liquid membrane transport strategy is applied to remove of the dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from water samples as important agricultural pesticides. Here, the electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiberbased sheet has been used in the SLM process as new support. The optimal SLM transport working parameters were found to be pH = 1 and NaCl solution of 2 M for feed phase, dichloromethane as solvent of liquid membrane and pH = 14 and NaCl solution of 2 M for receiving phase. The stirring speed, time and temperature of SLM and the interference effect for 2,4-D transport have been studied and optimized. We find that the thickness of nano-electrospun PAN sheet as support of the liquid membrane has important effect on decreasing the time of transport. Under the same working conditions, this nano-based SLM method shows significant enhancement for removing efficiency and rate of 2,4-D rather than PAN microfiltration flat sheet as support material. Keywords Supported liquid membrane (SLM) transport · Electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers · 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
Introduction Fresh water after consumption during the domestic, industrial and agricultural uses will contain contaminants and serious pollution that change its name to wastewater [1]. Pesticides, fertilizers, and hazardous chemicals are among the most important pollutants [2]. Application of herbicides is one of the general agricultural practice for maintaining high productivity and plant’s growth [3]. Water pollution reduces water usefulness to humans and other organisms in nature. This wastewater should be treated before discharge into environment and any reuse. * Mir Mahdi Zahedi [email protected] Seied Mahdi Pourmortazavi [email protected] 1
Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P.O. 99717‑56499, Chabahar, Iran
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2
Selectivity, good efficacy and low costs of application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and its derivatives led to a rapid increase in their agricultural use [4]. 2,4-D as a very toxic and consuming herbicide is classified as a possible carcinogen and mutagen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer [5]. World Health Organization (WHO) has specified 20 μg/L for 2,4-D as quality standard of drinking water [6] and a half-life of about 6 to over 170 days in different situations [7]. Choices of a suitable wastewater treatment methodology have an important effect on improvement in global health [8]. Several researches have been recommended for reuse of wastewater and the chemical substance re
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