Reproduction and demography of an Aphidophagous ladybird, Hippodamia variegata on six aphid species
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Reproduction and demography of an Aphidophagous ladybird, Hippodamia variegata on six aphid species Ahmad Pervez 1 & Aline de Holanda Nunes Maia 2 & Hakan Bozdoğan 3 Received: 24 April 2019 / Accepted: 6 January 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract We tested six aphid species, viz. Aphis gossypii, Aphis craccivora, Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi, Myzus persicae and Uroleucon compositae as essential foods needed for the reproduction and demography of an aphidophagous ladybird, Hippodamia variegata. Females were highly fecund (1210.8 ± 55.31 eggs) with prolonged oviposition period (56.30 ± 2.36 days) and laying most viable eggs (92.91 ± 0.81%) when fed on A. gossypii (reared on Lagenaria vulgaris) with the highest net reproductive rate (449.45 ± 20.53 females / female). Aphis craccivora (raised on Dolichos lablab) supported optimal value for intrinsic rate of increase (0.183 ± 0.003) with the shortest generation time (32.40 ± 0.557 days). Other diets didn’t show improved performance but quantified as essential foods. Brassica hosted B. brassicae and L. erysimi were less suitable but not the rejected prey. Age-specific fecundity of female H. variegata was triangular in function with peak oviposition during her early reproductive age when fed on either A. gossypii, A. craccivora, U. compositae or M. persicae, while peak skewed towards later reproductive age when fed on B. brassicae or L. erysimi. Fecundity was positively correlated with egg-viability and oviposition period. We used jackknife technique to estimate and compare the demographic parameters within the groups. High values of intrinsic and finite rates of increase on A. gossypii and A. craccivora affirm their suitability for augmentative rearing of H. variegata. We conclude that both A. gossypii and A. craccivora on above respective host-plants are highly suitable aphiddiets for mass-multiplication of H. variegata. Keywords Hippodamia variegata . Coccinellidae . Aphis gossypii . Demography . Aphids . Prey
Introduction Predaceous ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are important biocontrol agents of numerous phytophagous insectpests, especially aphids (Dixon 2000; Hodek et al. 2012; Omkar and Pervez A. 2016). Their dietary habits have been extensively investigated by many workers (Evans and
* Ahmad Pervez [email protected] Aline de Holanda Nunes Maia [email protected] 1
Biocontrol Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Radhey Hari Govt. P.G. College, Kashipur, US, Nagar, Uttarakhand 244713, India
2
Embrapa Meio Ambiente, P.O. Box 69, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil
3
Vocation School of Technical Sciences, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, 40100 Kırşehir, Turkey
Gunther 2005; Honek et al. 2008a, 2008b; Sloggett 2008a, 2008b; Hodek and Evans 2012). Their accepted foods (Hodek and Evans 2012) are classified as essential (supporting development and reproduction of species) and alternative (that supports only the survival of species) food. Factors, such as aphi
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