Resistance of ticks on cattle to amitraz in Zimbabwe
- PDF / 557,347 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 42 Downloads / 189 Views
REGULAR ARTICLES
Resistance of ticks on cattle to amitraz in Zimbabwe Francis Taenda Makuvadze 1
&
Thokozani Hove 1 & Pious Makaya 2 & Emily Waniwa 2 & Tinotenda Nemaungwe 2
Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 31 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Resistance of one host and three host ticks on cattle to amitraz was studied using samples from five diptanks in the Domboshawa Communal Land Area of Zimbabwe. A random tick profile and a questionnaire survey on the tick control practices of the area were also carried out. Engorged Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma hebraeum females were randomly collected from cattle presented for dipping at the 5 diptanks and were allowed to oviposit separately at T: 28 °C and RH: 85–95%. Larvae obtained were tested for resistance against various amitraz concentrations (1– 0.0078125%) using the Larval Packet Test (LPT) and were compared with susceptible reference strains of R. (B.) decoloratus (Makuti strain, 2017), R. appendiculatus (Lake Chivero strain, 2015) and A. hebraeum (Lake Mutirikwi strain, 2017). The most abundant tick species were R. (B.) decoloratus (27.2%), Hyalomma rufipes (20.0%), H. truncatum (16.0%), R. appendiculatus (12.0%) and R. evertsi evertsi (11.9%). Amblyomma hebraeum (8.6%) and A. variegatum (1.8%) were the least common in the collection; this suggests that they were not well established in Domboshawa. Low amitraz resistance (RL = I) was detected only in R. (B.) decoloratus at 2 of the 5 diptanks. In the future, decentralised tick control due to inadequate and inconsistent supply of acaricides could introduce a number of factors which could contribute towards resistance development. Keywords Acaricide . Resistance . Amitraz . Domboshawa . Department of Veterinary Services . Ticks
Introduction Ticks are obligate, haematophagous arthropods with direct and indirect effects on livestock health and production in sub-Saharan Africa (Holdsworth et al. 2006; Spickett 2007; Latif 2013; Madder et al. 2013a, b, c). By far, the most important indirect effect of ticks is the transmission of haemopathogens which cause tick-borne diseases (TBDs) that result in high livestock mortalities (De Meneghi et al. 2016). In enzootic areas including Zimbabwe, the control of TBDs is centred upon strategic tick control using acaricides and, when available, vaccination against the TBDs (Marcelino et al. 2012; Abbas et al. 2014).
* Francis Taenda Makuvadze [email protected] 1
Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
2
Central Veterinary Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Technical Services, Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Water and Rural Resettlement, Harare, Zimbabwe
Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) account for more than 65% of cattle mortalities in Zimbabwe (Sungirai et al. 2015). From November 2017 to May 2018, Zimbabwe lost an estimated 3430 head of cattle due to TBDs, with Mashonaland East Province recording the highest cattle mortalities
Data Loading...
