Response surface methodology (RSM) for optimization of thermochemical pretreatment method and enzymatic hydrolysis of de
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Response surface methodology (RSM) for optimization of thermochemical pretreatment method and enzymatic hydrolysis of deodar sawdust (DS) for bioethanol production using separate hydrolysis and co-fermentation (SHCF) Neelu Raina 1 & Parvez Singh Slathia 1 & Preeti Sharma 1 Received: 8 June 2020 / Revised: 7 August 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the present work, Cedrus deodara (deodar) sawdust abbreviated as DS was subjected to thermochemical pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation for bioethanol production. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) tool was employed to optimize dilute acid pretreatment method (at 121 °C temperature and 1-bar pressure) and enzymatic hydrolysis processes. Factorial design of experiments used chemical concentration, incubation time, and biomass loading to optimize thermochemical pretreatment method using dilute acid concentration. Maximum total reducing sugar (TRS) concentration (13.62 g/L) was obtained using optimized conditions (1.5% HCl concentration, 10% biomass loading and 30-min incubation time). These significant studies were subjected to optimize enzymatic hydrolysis process using the CCD tool of the RSM where cellulase loading, xylanase loading, pH, and temperature were taken into consideration. TRS concentration obtained was 29.20 g/L after 48 h with enzyme loading of 9 U/g biomass, each for cellulase and xylanase enzyme at pH 5.0 and 30 °C temperature. Fermentation conditions for enzymatically hydrolyzed DS revealed that at 10% (v/v) yeast inoculum concentrations (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MTCC-36) and Pichia stipitis (NCIM-3498)) after 24-h fermentation time and pH 5.0, bioethanol concentration was 14.25 g/L with 95.68% conversion efficiency. Characterization studies for native and pretreated DS by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed delignification rate of 30.93% of DS biomass under optimized thermochemical pretreatment conditions. Statistical studies for optimization of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production stated DS sawdust (a furniture industry waste) as a potential substrate for biofuel production. Keywords Deodar . Sawdust . Bioethanol . Thermochemical pretreatment . Response Surface Methodology . Enzymatic hydrolysis . Pichia stipitis
1 Introduction Fossil-derived fuels like petroleum are the primary energy sources occupying more than 4/5th of the total energy market share [1]. Increasing industrial progress alongside rapid population growth has thus lead to a surge in the demand for energy. Fast exploitation of fossil resources
* Preeti Sharma [email protected]; [email protected] 1
School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu and Kashmir 182320, India
has led to their sharp decline and raised serious concerns about the environment. Therefore, due to
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