Responses of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Performance and Microbial Community to Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Nanoparticles in a S
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Responses of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Performance and Microbial Community to Fe3O4@SiO2 Nanoparticles in a Sequencing Batch Reactor Xin Xin 1 & Hao Yang 1 & Lei Guan 1 & Siqiang Liu 1 & Jie Liu 1 Received: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 29 September 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
The responses of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal performance and microbial community to 0–1.2 g/L Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in sequencing batch reactors were investigated. Results showed that an appropriate dose of Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs (0.3 g/L) could promote the removal efficiency of TN and TP. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that microbial richness increased, whereas microbial diversity did not vary upon exposure to 0.1–1.2 g/L Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 NPs. The relative abundances of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria increased from 11.75%, 3.52%, and 6.77%, respectively, at 0 g/L Fe3O4@SiO2 to 27.05%, 7.21%, and 14.77%, respectively, upon exposure to 0.3 g/L Fe3O4@SiO2. At the genus level, 0.3 g/L Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs enriched norank_f_Nitrosomonadaceae, norank_f_Xanthomonadaceae, Amaricoccus, and Shinella. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results suggested that the gene copy number of ammonium-oxidizing, nitrite-oxidizing, and denitrifying bacteria population remarkably increased, whereas the number of phosphorusaccumulating organisms slightly increased under long-term exposure to 0.3 g/L Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs. Energy-dispersive spectrum analysis showed that the phosphorus content was higher at 0.3 g/L Fe3O4@SiO2 than at 0 g/L Fe3O4@SiO2. Nitrogen removal primarily occurred through a biological mechanism, while most phosphorus in wastewater may be removed by the combination of physicochemical and biological methods. Keywords Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles . Nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance . Microbial community . Enhanced mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus removal
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-02003441-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
* Xin Xin [email protected]
1
College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Introduction Activated sludge processes have widely been applied for wastewater treatment because they can degrade various types of organic matters and are easily managed. Thus, they are common aerobic biological treatment methods in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, almost 90% of WWTPs in China encounter problems with the removal of nutrients, especially total nitrogen (TN). Approximately 50% of WWTPs do not satisfy the nitrogen discharge standard [1]. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are promising agents for the removal of impurities, such as heavy metals, oil products, and dyes, from aqueous solutions [2–4] due to their extremely small particle size, high surface area to volume ratio,
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