Resveratrol Mitigates Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Altering Levels of Trace Elements, Toxic Metal, Lipid Peroxidation, an
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Resveratrol Mitigates Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Altering Levels of Trace Elements, Toxic Metal, Lipid Peroxidation, and Antioxidant Activity Ju-Hai Ro 1 & Chien-Chi Liu 2 & Ming-Cheng Lin 3 Received: 20 August 2020 / Accepted: 15 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Cerebral ischemia causes increased oxidative stress due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The polyphenol compound resveratrol exerts neuroprotective effects through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. The trace elements magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) also exert antioxidant properties. This study mainly investigates whether the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol during cerebral ischemia is related to its modulation of the concentrations of trace element and toxic metal lead (Pb). Experimental rats were administered resveratrol (20 mg/kg) once daily for 10 consecutive days. Cerebral ischemia was surgically induced via ligation of the right middle cerebral artery and right common carotid artery for 1 h. Brain cortex tissues were homogenized, and the supernatants were harvested for biochemical analysis. Experimental results showed that rats pretreated with resveratrol before cerebral ischemia had significantly higher trace element concentrations of Mg, Zn, and Se and higher antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in the brain cortex as compared to untreated cerebral ischemia rats. Conversely, resveratrol pretreatment markedly attenuated lipid peroxidation and concentrations of the toxic metal Pb as compared to untreated cerebral ischemic rats. Altogether, the findings of this study highlight that the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol involves modulation of the brain levels of trace elements, toxic metal lead, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity. Keywords Cerebral ischemia . Resveratrol . Trace element . Antioxidant . Lipid peroxidation
Introduction Cerebral ischemic injury is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in older populations worldwide [1]. Compared to other tissues, the brain is particularly susceptible to oxidative attack due to its high content of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) components and lower antioxidant activity [1]. Cerebral ischemic insult not only decreases oxygen and glucose in the affected tissue but also generates harmful
* Ming-Cheng Lin [email protected] 1
Department of Pharmacy, Chung Kang Branch, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
2
Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
3
Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
reactive oxygen species (ROS). These toxic ROS spontaneously attack polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell components, resulting in adverse lipid peroxidation and further oxidative brain injury [1, 2]. Resveratrol (RVT) (3, 4, 5-trihydroxytrans-stilbene) is a polyphenol compound present in a v
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