Reusing Ionomer Scraps as Impact Modifier in Polyamide 6
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Reusing Ionomer Scraps as Impact Modifier in Polyamide 6 Laerte J. de Almeida1 · Adriana M. Catelli de Souza1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Blends of PA6 and ionomer scraps, with compositions ranging from 5 to 30 wt% ionomer without incorporation of compatibilizer, and blends with 10 and 20 wt% ionomer compatibilized with 2 wt% maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene copolymer (PEgMA) were obtained by extrusion. Their morphology (SEM), mechanical (tensile, flexural and impact tests) and thermal properties (HDT, DSC and TGA tests) were analyzed. The incorporation of ionomer in PA6 promoted an increase in strain at break and impact strength. PEgMA acted positively on these properties, increasing the interaction between the ionomer and PA6 phases. Tensile and flexural strength, tensile and flexural modulus decreased with increasing ionomer concentration. The compatibilizer acted significantly, reducing these properties. The crystallinity and melting temperature of PA6 were not influenced by the incorporation of ionomer and compatibilizer in the blends. Keywords Scraps reuse · Ionomer · Polyamide 6 · Blends · Mechanical properties
Introduction Ionomer is a generic term used to define polymers having ionic functional groups pendant to the main chain, which tend to form ionic aggregates in the polymer matrix. Its morphology consists of ionic domains that restrict the mobility of adjacent regions, which results in a behavior similar to elastomers [1–5]. Surlyn® is the trademark of a family of ionomers resins of Poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) copolymer, EMAA, manufactured by DuPont. It is widely used in the food packaging, medicine and cosmetic industry. Surlyn® PC2000 is a copolymer of which the methacrylic acid groups, MAA, have been partially neutralized with sodium salt. It has been the choice of cosmetic companies for perfume bottles and caps for providing aesthetic resemblance to glass and excellent transparency, with the advantage of being lighter, scratch and drop resistant. In addition, it is also used as golf ball coating, ski boot and snowboard laminate due to its high toughness at low temperatures [6]. As the end products have an aesthetic appeal, the reuse of all Surlyn® scraps, * Adriana M. Catelli de Souza [email protected] 1
Department of Materials Engineering, Centro Universitário FEI, Av. Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco, 3972, São Bernardo do Campo, SP CEP 09850‑90, Brazil
produced during the injection process, is compromised for generating black spots and yellowing of the injected components, resulting in increasing industrial waste generation. At the packaging company that has supplied scraps for this study, waste generated was around 1 ton per month (2%) in 2019, even with processing improvements such as grinding, separation of fine powder from the grounded material (particles smaller than 1.5 mm) and cooling systems. The destination for Surlyn® scraps becomes an environmental and financial concern for the manufacturing co
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