Review and phylogeny of the Recent Polycopidae (Ostracoda, Cladocopina), with descriptions of nine new species, one new
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Review and phylogeny of the Recent Polycopidae (Ostracoda, Cladocopina), with descriptions of nine new species, one new genus, and one new subgenus from the deep South Atlantic Ivana Karanovic & Simone Nunes Brandão
Received: 30 August 2011 / Revised: 6 February 2012 / Accepted: 14 February 2012 / Published online: 14 March 2012 # Senckenberg, Gesellschaft für Naturforschung and Springer 2012
Abstract Polycopidae Sars, 1866 ostracods from the DIVA II expedition of the RV “Meteor” at the Cape, Angola, and Guinea basins are presented here. They were collected between 26 February and 30 March 2005, from depths between 5,047 and 5,150 m. Metapolycope divae sp. nov. belongs to the subfamily Polycopsisinae Chavtur, 1983, and stands apart from the other representatives of the genus by the morphology of the uropodal lamellae. The remaining eight new species described herein belong to the subfamily Polycopinae Sars, 1866. The genus Archypolycope Chavtur, 1981 is represented in the investigated area by four new species: A. atlantica sp. nov., A. brandtae sp. nov., A. louisi sp. nov., and A. martinezi sp. nov. With the addition of these four new species, this genus is redefined to include six Recent and three fossil species. Archypolycope atlantica is the only representative in the family with six bristles ventrally on the first segment of the mandibula. The other three new species stand apart by the specific shell ornamentation, chaetotaxy of the maxillula, and morphology of the uropodal lamellae. Archypolycope cornea Chavtur, 1981 and A. rotunda Chavtur, 1981, both described from the abyssal I. Karanovic (*) Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea 133-791 e-mail: [email protected] I. Karanovic Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia S. N. Brandão German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Senckenberg Research Institute and Zoologisches Museum, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany e-mail: [email protected]
depths of the Kuril-Kamchatka trench, are here excluded from the genus. The decision is based on the absence of the peculiar morphology of the fifth limb endopod, which is shared by all other Archypolycope. These species are transferred to the genus Pseudopolycope Chavtur, 1981, because they have a fifth limb endopod consisting of a segment and one terminal bristle, but are placed in separate new subgenus Divacope subgen. nov. The new subgenus differs from the nominotypical subgenus by a much shorter fusion of the two bristles on the Bellonci Organ, and by the presence of hooks on the male antenna. Besides Pseudopolycope (D.) cornea (Chavtur, 1981) comb. nov. and P. (D.) rotunda (Chavtur, 1981) comb. nov, the subgenus has been defined to include one more member: P. (D.) chavturi sp. nov., which is also described from the deep South Atlantic and designated the type species of the new subgenus. It is most closely related to P. (D.) cornea, but differs from it by the chaet
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