Multi-locus phylogeny reveals two new species of Exidia ( Auriculariales , Basidiomycota ) from China
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Multi-locus phylogeny reveals two new species of Exidia (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) from China Sheng-Yi Ye 1,2 & Yu-Bo Zhang 3 & Fang Wu 1
&
Hong-Xia Liu 2
Received: 7 April 2020 / Revised: 21 June 2020 / Accepted: 23 June 2020 # German Mycological Society and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Exidia glandulosa is a cosmopolitan species, and it was commonly reported from China. Seventeen specimens with close resemblance to the species by having blackish, gelatinous basidiocarps were analyzed based on morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses were performed by the combined ITS+nLSU dataset and the combined ITS+nLSU+TEF1-a + RPB2 dataset, and 20 ITS, 20 nLSU, 22 TEF1-a, and 20 RPB2 sequences were newly generated. Seventeen specimens were gathered into three different lineages in phylogenies, and they were identified as three species, E. glandulosa s. str. and two new species, E. reflexa and E. subglandulosa, respectively. The two new species differ from E. glandulosa s. str. by the absence of papillae on hymenial surface, and E. reflexa differs from E. subglandulosa by obvious effused-reflexed basidiocarps and smaller basidia and basidiospores. Detailed characteristics with morphological photos of two new species were provided here. Keywords Auriculariaceae . Multi-genetic analysis . Taxonomy
Introduction Exidia Fr. (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota), typified by Exidia glandulosa (Bull.) Fr., characterizes persistent, gelatinous basidiocarps, four-celled, ellipsoid-ovoid basidia and thinwalled, allantoid basidiospores (Olive 1954; Lowy 1971; Liu 1992; Roberts 2001; Spirin et al. 2018). The genus was classified into Tremellaceae of Tremellales for a long time because of its gelatinous basidiocarps and four-celled basidia (Olive 1954; Lowy 1971). Moore (1978) established a new family Exidiaceae for the genus in Tremellales, which was accepted by some researchers (Kisimova-Horovitz et al. 1997; Roberts and Spooner 1998; Mao 2000). However, Section Editor: Yu-Cheng Dai * Fang Wu [email protected] * Hong-Xia Liu [email protected] 1
School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2
College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
3
Resource and Environment Branch, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 100191, China
Bandoni (1984) considered Exidiaceae as a family in Auriculariales by integrating micromorphological, ultrastructural, ecological, and developmental data, which was followed by some other researchers (Wells and Wong 1989; Wells 1994). In addition, species of Exidia usually grow on dead branches or fresh fallen trunks or branches, such habits are similar as in species in Megasporia B.K. Cui et al. and Trichaptum Murril (Dai et al. 2009; Yuan et al. 2017), and all these species seem to be pioneer wood-decaying fungi in the forest ecosystem (Renvall 1995). The problem that the genus Exidia belongs to Tremellales or Auriculariales was unsolved until
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