Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Volume 154 • 2005 Contents A. Bigiani, C. Mucignat-Caretta, G. Montani, and R. Tirindelli Pheromone Reception in Mammals W. Meyerhof Elucidation of Mammalian Bitter Taste H.U. Zeilhofer Synaptic Modulat
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Reviews of
154 Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology Special Issue on Sensory Systems Edited by S. Offermanns
Editors S.G. Amara, Pittsburgh • E. Bamberg, Frankfurt S. Grinstein, Toronto • S.C. Hebert, New Haven R. Jahn, Göttingen • W.J. Lederer, Baltimore R. Lill, Marburg • A. Miyajima, Tokyo H. Murer, Zurich • S. Offermanns, Heidelberg G. Schultz, Berlin • M. Schweiger, Berlin
With 16 Figures, 4 in color and 5 Tables
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Library of Congress-Catalog-Card Number 74-3674 ISSN 030-4240 ISBN-10 3-540-30384-7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-30384-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.com c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in the Netherlands The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Editor: Simon Rallison, London Desk Editor: Anne Clauss, Heidelberg Production Editor: Patrick Waltemate, Leipzig Cover: design & production GmbH, Heidelberg Typesetting and Production: LE-TEX Jelonek, Schmidt & Vöckler GbR, Leipzig Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 11332923 14/3150YL – 5 4 3 2 1 0
Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol (2005) 155:1–35 DOI 10.1007/s10254-004-0038-0
A. Bigiani · C. Mucignat-Caretta · G. Montani · R. Tirindelli
Pheromone reception in mammals
Published online: 31 March 2005 © Springer-Verlag 2005
Abstract Pheromonal communication is the most convenient way to transfer information regarding gender and social status in animals of the same species with the holistic goal of sustaining reproduction. This type of information exchange is based on pheromones, molecules often chemically unrelated, that are contained in body fluids like urine, sweat, specialized exocrine glands, and mucous secretions of genitals. So profound is the relevance of pheromones over the evolutionary process that a specific peripheral organ devoted to their recognition, namely the vomeronasal organ of Jacobson, and a related central pathway arose in most vertebrate species. Although the vomeronasal system is well developed in reptiles and amph
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